Ferritumulic - Revision history

Astaryuu: /* Articles */

2026-08-10T08:56:05Z

Articles

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	Despite its marking systems sometimes allowing for relatively free word order, Ferritumulic is a generally head-initial SVO language, the norm for indicative sentences in Pisco-Imerchali.		Despite its marking systems sometimes allowing for relatively free word order, Ferritumulic is a generally head-initial SVO language, the norm for indicative sentences in Pisco-Imerchali.

	==Articles==		===Articles===
	The definite articles of Ferritumulic are very similar to Italian, with the series being ''il, la, lhó, le'' for the masculine singular, feminine singular, masculine plural, and feminine plural, and with ''il'' becoming ''lu'' when the word it applies to starts with either two consonants or a palatal consonant. Since the sequence /ll/ is already normally allowed, this does not trigger ''il'' to become ''lu''.		The definite articles of Ferritumulic are very similar to Italian, with the series being ''il, la, lhó, le'' for the masculine singular, feminine singular, masculine plural, and feminine plural, and with ''il'' becoming ''lu'' when the word it applies to starts with either two consonants or a palatal consonant. Since the sequence /ll/ is already normally allowed, this does not trigger ''il'' to become ''lu''.

Astaryuu: /* Adjectives */

2026-08-10T08:55:14Z

Adjectives

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	Adjectives' dictionary form, the masculine singular, often ends in -u, and this -u changes to -a in the feminine singular, -i in the masculine plural, and -e in the feminine plural. However, not all adjectives have unique declinations for all forms, and this is usually dependent on the masculine singular ending. Some adjectives end in -e or -é by default, and these change in the plural to -o and -ó respectively, and others end in -i by default, which generally means they don't decline.		Adjectives' dictionary form, the masculine singular, often ends in -u, and this -u changes to -a in the feminine singular, -i in the masculine plural, and -e in the feminine plural. However, not all adjectives have unique declinations for all forms, and this is usually dependent on the masculine singular ending. Some adjectives end in -e or -é by default, and these change in the plural to -o and -ó respectively, and others end in -i by default, which generally means they don't decline.

	Most of the time, adjectives go after the noun they apply to. However, if the adjective is considered an intrinsic property of the noun, either in general or for the specific object being referred to, it is often moved to before the noun. For example, a lengthy book would likely be ''il ~~libri~~ longu'' since not all books are long, but if it's called an epic instead, it would be ''la longa abenturóna'', since epics are necessarily long. Some sets can go in either location, such as ''levi'' "clever" on ''volpi'' "fox". Foxes are generally considered clever, so ''il levi volpi'' is often preferred, but for a particularly clever fox, ''il volpi levi'' might still be used instead.		Most of the time, adjectives go after the noun they apply to. However, if the adjective is considered an intrinsic property of the noun, either in general or for the specific object being referred to, it is often moved to before the noun. For example, a lengthy book would likely be ''il libru longu'' since not all books are long, but if it's called an epic instead, it would be ''la longa abenturóna'', since epics are necessarily long. Some sets can go in either location, such as ''levi'' "clever" on ''volpi'' "fox". Foxes are generally considered clever, so ''il levi volpi'' is often preferred, but for a particularly clever fox, ''il volpi levi'' might still be used instead.

	Generally, only one adjective will be placed before the noun, and all but the last of adjectives in sequence will have -é or -i (depending on if the adjective already ends in -é or e) appended to the end. This affix does not affect stress, but instead of writing the old stress location with a grave, the interpunct, also used for other contractions, is used. A particularly clever brown fox will likely be referred to as ''il volpi levi·é cautanhi''.		Generally, only one adjective will be placed before the noun, and all but the last of adjectives in sequence will have -é or -i (depending on if the adjective already ends in -é or e) appended to the end. This affix does not affect stress, but instead of writing the old stress location with a grave, the interpunct, also used for other contractions, is used. A particularly clever brown fox will likely be referred to as ''il volpi levi·é cautanhi''.

Astaryuu: /* Nouns */

2026-08-10T08:31:44Z

Nouns

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	Nouns also decline for number and, notably for a modern Pisco-Imerchali language, case. There are three cases, nominative, accusative, and genitive. However, for nouns ending in -u or -a, the first two of these cases end up being identical in the singular. The accusative is also used for lative, ablative, and instrumental meanings using ''ste'', ''per'', and ''cóm'' respectively, and the genitive is also used for the dative using ''a''. Note though, that if the noun begins with a lateral consonant, ''per'' becomes ''pel'', and when adjacent to a non-labial nasal, stop, affricate or fricative, ''cóm'' becomes ''cón''.		Nouns also decline for number and, notably for a modern Pisco-Imerchali language, case. There are three cases, nominative, accusative, and genitive. However, for nouns ending in -u or -a, the first two of these cases end up being identical in the singular. The accusative is also used for lative, ablative, and instrumental meanings using ''ste'', ''per'', and ''cóm'' respectively, and the genitive is also used for the dative using ''a''. Note though, that if the noun begins with a lateral consonant, ''per'' becomes ''pel'', and when adjacent to a non-labial nasal, stop, affricate or fricative, ''cóm'' becomes ''cón''.

	For nouns with the same form in multiple cases, ''de'' and ''a'' can still be used to clarify genitive and accusative meanings respectively.		For nouns with the same form in multiple cases, ''di'' and ''a'' can still be used to clarify genitive and accusative meanings respectively.

	Some nouns, like {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴇ}}, are always plural, while others, like {{ipa\|ᴀᴄᴠᴀ}}, are always singular. Generally, nouns of either type are mass nouns like these two, but this is not necessarily always the case. These nouns ''can'' have forms of the other type, in these cases {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴀ ᴀᴄᴠᴇ́}}, but these are not used in normal speech, and are largely relegated to poetry or other artistic uses of language.		Some nouns, like {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴇ}}, are always plural, while others, like {{ipa\|ᴀᴄᴠᴀ}}, are always singular. Generally, nouns of either type are mass nouns like these two, but this is not necessarily always the case. These nouns ''can'' have forms of the other type, in these cases {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴀ ᴀᴄᴠᴇ́}}, but these are not used in normal speech, and are largely relegated to poetry or other artistic uses of language.

Astaryuu: /* Nouns */

2026-08-10T08:31:26Z

Nouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:31, 10 August 2026
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	Nouns also decline for number and, notably for a modern Pisco-Imerchali language, case. There are three cases, nominative, accusative, and genitive. However, for nouns ending in -u or -a, the first two of these cases end up being identical in the singular. The accusative is also used for lative, ablative, and instrumental meanings using ''ste'', ''per'', and ''cóm'' respectively, and the genitive is also used for the dative using ''a''. Note though, that if the noun begins with a lateral consonant, ''per'' becomes ''pel'', and when adjacent to a non-labial nasal, stop, affricate or fricative, ''cóm'' becomes ''cón''.		Nouns also decline for number and, notably for a modern Pisco-Imerchali language, case. There are three cases, nominative, accusative, and genitive. However, for nouns ending in -u or -a, the first two of these cases end up being identical in the singular. The accusative is also used for lative, ablative, and instrumental meanings using ''ste'', ''per'', and ''cóm'' respectively, and the genitive is also used for the dative using ''a''. Note though, that if the noun begins with a lateral consonant, ''per'' becomes ''pel'', and when adjacent to a non-labial nasal, stop, affricate or fricative, ''cóm'' becomes ''cón''.

			For nouns with the same form in multiple cases, ''de'' and ''a'' can still be used to clarify genitive and accusative meanings respectively.

	Some nouns, like {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴇ}}, are always plural, while others, like {{ipa\|ᴀᴄᴠᴀ}}, are always singular. Generally, nouns of either type are mass nouns like these two, but this is not necessarily always the case. These nouns ''can'' have forms of the other type, in these cases {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴀ ᴀᴄᴠᴇ́}}, but these are not used in normal speech, and are largely relegated to poetry or other artistic uses of language.		Some nouns, like {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴇ}}, are always plural, while others, like {{ipa\|ᴀᴄᴠᴀ}}, are always singular. Generally, nouns of either type are mass nouns like these two, but this is not necessarily always the case. These nouns ''can'' have forms of the other type, in these cases {{ipa\|ꜱᴀʙᴀ ᴀᴄᴠᴇ́}}, but these are not used in normal speech, and are largely relegated to poetry or other artistic uses of language.

Astaryuu: /* Pronouns */

2026-08-10T08:30:04Z

Pronouns

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	\| échu		\| échu
	\|-		\|-
	\| ~~colspan~~="5" \| Plural		\| rowspan="5" \| Plural
	\| 1st		\| 1st
	\| nautri		\| nautri

Astaryuu: /* Pronouns */

2026-08-10T08:29:54Z

Pronouns

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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
			! Number
	! Person		! Person
	~~! Number~~
	! Nominative		! Nominative
	! Accusative		! Accusative
	! Genitive		! Genitive
	\|-		\|-
			\| rowspan="5" \| Singular
	\| 1st		\| 1st
	~~\| Singular~~
	\| hó		\| hó
	\| me		\| me
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 2nd		\| 2nd
	~~\| Singular~~
	\| tu		\| tu
	\| te		\| te
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3rd animate masculine		\| 3rd animate masculine
	~~\| Singular~~
	\| élli		\| élli
	\| lhe		\| lhe
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3rd animate feminine		\| 3rd animate feminine
	~~\| Singular~~
	\| élla		\| élla
	\| la		\| la
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3rd inanimate		\| 3rd inanimate
	~~\| Singular~~
	\| éxe		\| éxe
	\| éxu		\| éxu
	\| échu		\| échu
	\|-		\|-
			\| colspan="5" \| Plural
	\| 1st		\| 1st
	~~\| Plural~~
	\| nautri		\| nautri
	\| nautre		\| nautre
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 2nd		\| 2nd
	~~\| Plural~~
	\| vautri		\| vautri
	\| vautre		\| vautre
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3rd animate masculine		\| 3rd animate masculine
	~~\| Plural~~
	\| élli		\| élli
	\| élló		\| élló
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3rd animate feminine		\| 3rd animate feminine
	~~\| Plural~~
	\| illé		\| illé
	\| éllau		\| éllau
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3rd inanimate		\| 3rd inanimate
	~~\| Plural~~
	\| éxi		\| éxi
	\| éxi		\| éxi

Astaryuu at 08:28, 10 August 2026

2026-08-10T08:28:43Z

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 |}
 [[Category:Language]]
 [[Category:Languages]]

Astaryuu: /* Consonants */

2026-08-08T03:04:53Z

Consonants

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	! Liquid		! Liquid
	\|		\|
	\| ɾ		\| r
	\| ʎ		\| ʎ
	\| ʟ		\| ʟ
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	* Medially, all affricates lose their stop component, but geminate.		* Medially, all affricates lose their stop component, but geminate.
	* /x/ exists solely as a loaned phoneme.		* /x/ exists solely as a loaned phoneme.
	* /ɾ/ ~~can be geminated into~~ a ~~trill,~~ [r]~~, but this is~~ a ~~result of /ɾd/ and is not universal across all dialects, so~~ [r] ~~is usually considered nonphonemic. Still, [r] is sometimes written as ⟨{{ipa\|ʀʀ}}⟩, particularly in nonformal texts~~.		* In unstressed syllables or in the coda, /r/ is a tap [ɾ] or a stop [d].

	===Vowels===		===Vowels===

Astaryuu: /* Vowels */

2026-08-08T03:03:11Z

Vowels

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	Some words maintain the use of ⟨{{ipa\|ʏ}}⟩, but most are intended to be respelled.		Some words maintain the use of ⟨{{ipa\|ʏ}}⟩, but most are intended to be respelled.

	When used as an approximant, /i u/ use the second item in their cells. Additionally, if the stressed vowel is not the antepenultimate vowel, it is given the grave accent mark. Marking a vowel with acute and grave at the same time uses the circumflex.		When used as an approximant, /i u/ use the second item in their cells; if intervocalic, /u̯/ is doubled. Additionally, if the stressed vowel is not the antepenultimate vowel, it is given the grave accent mark. Marking a vowel with acute and grave at the same time uses the circumflex.

	Even though they now have semivowel letters, standard text is expected to write the sequences /i.V/ and /u.V/ with a diaresis over the vowel anyway.		Even though they now have semivowel letters, standard text is expected to write the sequences /i.V/ and /u.V/ with a diaresis over the vowel anyway.

Astaryuu: /* Orthography */

2026-08-07T22:33:02Z

Orthography

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:33, 7 August 2026
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	Much like [[Regnate Latin]], Ferritumulic still primarily writes using the Classical Latin script. However, it can be "modernized" fairly easily into the modern Latin script. There are some changes from Classical to Ferritumulic, mainly to accomodate phonological changes:		Much like [[Regnate Latin]], Ferritumulic still primarily writes using the Classical Latin script. However, it can be "modernized" fairly easily into the modern Latin script. There are some changes from Classical to Ferritumulic, mainly to accomodate phonological changes:
	* Since /ks/ merged with /ts/, /ts/ always is written with <x>, even when it comes from /tj tl/.		* Since /ks/ merged with /ts/, /ts/ always is written with <x>, even when it comes from /tj tl/.
	* Latinate /h/ and Amphorean and Greek /y/ is only written in proper nouns, such as the placename Hyperborea (Ferritumulic writes this as {{ipa\|⟨Hʏᴘᴇʀʙᴏ̀ʀɪ̈ᴀ⟩}}).		* Latinate /h/ and Amphorean and Greek /y/ are only consistently written in proper nouns, such as the placename Hyperborea (Ferritumulic writes this as {{ipa\|⟨Hʏᴘᴇʀʙᴏ̀ʀɪ̈ᴀ⟩}}), though some other words do use these letters sometimes, as some proscribe the replacement.
	* [[Amphorean]] gamma and eta were loaned for /x j/, partially since the last one is a mostly-loaned phoneme (old coda /s/ sometimes sounds like /x/, and so was rewritten at the same time). These are modernized into lowercase, fully-Latin script as ⟨k h⟩. Kappa is also used for /k/ from Amphorean loans, but these are modernized as ⟨c⟩ still. In alphabetical ordering, eta and kappa take the place of h and k.		* [[Amphorean]] gamma and eta were loaned for /x j/, partially since the last one is a mostly-loaned phoneme (old coda /s/ sometimes sounds like /x/, and so was rewritten at the same time). These are modernized into lowercase, fully-Latin script as ⟨k h⟩. Kappa is also used for /k/ from Amphorean loans, but these are modernized as ⟨c⟩ still. In alphabetical ordering, eta and kappa take the place of h and k.
	===Consonants===		===Consonants===