Toli

Toli / Modern Toli
Language family	Iuta-Karax Karax Yrilhs Fantoli Tixtoli Kretoli Atoliax Modern Toli
Era	Since 998(AD)
Writing system	Toli script, Latin
Official status
Spoken in	Aprux Mexyrhat
Speaker
Demonym	Tolifax
Number of speakers
Technical information
Usage	Official and cultural language
Language code	MTL

Toli (endonym: Toli /tɔli/) or Modern Toli, is a language spoken and official in Aprux Mexyrhat and FERRA, writen in Toli script. Its distinctive features are vowel rhythm and grammatical voicing of consonants.

History

The Modern Toli langauge split-off from Atoliax language alongside Adolhix at the end of the first millenium A.Dyr..

History 2

Main article: Toli Fakeworld Evolution

The Toli language dates back to early 20's. It has evolved, or rather morphed, several times, changing everything in its entirely. Aleksanetra is currently reserching old documents in order to devise the "eras" of Toli in chronological order.

Phonology

Vowels

Toli has six phonemic vowels, devided into three pairs of low and high vowels in each pair.

	Front	Central	Back
High	i	ʏ	u
Low	a	ɛ	ɔ

Vowel Rhythm

Vowels alternate between their high and low counterparts (as seen above) between syllables, in one word. Some parts of speach do not conform to the vowel rhythm - unless they are agglued to parts of speach that do - and insted their vowels are purely vibe-dependent. When affixation or any other word-merging occurs, the vowels may change their state to fit the first vowel in the new word. An example of this would be:

• kirfa "cinnamon"
• xukuelit "chocolatte"
• apxukuelitkarfi "(Adjective marker)-chocolatte-cinnamon"

Tone

Tone alongside vowel rhythm is a feature in older iterations of Toli. Although it is not needed, tone may be added to syllables in the following manner for stylistic purpouses: rising tone for low vowel syllables, and falling tone for high vowels, alongside neutral tone for parts of speach not affected by vowel rhythm (numerals, conjunctions, etc.) or foreign sounds.

Semivowels

Semivowels are found only in diphthongs. In the romanization, as mentioned above, semivowels are spelled as i and u. However, in the Toli script, the semivowels are marked with an underdot (official usage) or a vertical line under (handwritting; sometimes connects with the rest of the character) the respective vowel graphemes.

Big Consonant Clusters Transfomations

In one of four set verb moods in Toli, optative mood, the preffix samp- , being connected with a verb that starts with a consonant, may cause the speaker to insert a vowel between the preffix and the verb, since Toli phonotactics does not permit consonant clusters greater than 2. Additionaly, the vowel rhythm cannot be broken, therefore the vowel inserted is the schwa. This insertion however may also be described as a glottal stop. If the following consonant is a plosive, it is turned into a click, alongside a schwa/glottal stop being inserted. The insertion makes the tone of the syllable falling regardless of what it was suppoused to be.

Consonants

Table 1 - unvoiced

	Labial	Coronal	Dorsal
Nasal	m	n
Plosive	p	t	k
Fricative	f	s, ʂ	x
Trill/Lateral		r, l, ɬ

Table 2 - voiced

	Labial	Coronal	Dorsal
Nasal	mg	nd
Plosive	b	d	g
Fricative	v	z, ʐ	ɣ
Trill/Lateral		rb, lz, ɬv

Toli has 12 consonants (Table 1) with their grammaticaly voiced counterparts (Table 2). Grammaticaly unvoiced consonants (Bold) are consonants that are acctualy voiced, but they are treated as unvoiced in grammatical transformations. Once they become "voiced" (Table 2), they become a consonant cluster, each with its own unique additional consonant.

If this cluster is in a word-final open syllable, it splits: C₁V --voicing-> C₁VC₂.

Orthography

Toli script

Main article: Toli Script

The Toli script is a left to right alphabet with one to one letter to phoneme correspondence. It was created from Ksãndra's own head, but /p/ and /f/ were derived from Greek.

Romanization

The romanization of Toli consists of 17 letters, uper case and lower case. It also includes an apostrophe for voicing of consonants. Semivowels, since they only apear alongside vowels, are spelled as i and u.

	Front	Central	Back
High	I i	Y y	U u
Low	A a	E e	O o

	Labial	Coronal	Dorsal
Nasal	M m	N n
Plosive	P p	T t	K k
Fricative	F f	S s, X x	H h
Trill/Lateral		R r, L l, SL sl/Ỽ ỽ

Asomtavrulization

The Asomtavrulization of Toli consists of 19 letters. A stroke diacritic is used for voicing of consonants. Semivowels are spelled as their vowel counterparts + Ⴥ.

	Front	Central	Back
High	Ⴈ	Ⴄ‿	Ⴓ
Low	Ⴀ	Ⴄ	Ⴍ

Oh, also, it's boustrophedon.

	Labial	Coronal	Dorsal
Nasal	Ⴋ	Ⴌ
Plosive	Ⴔ	Ⴇ	Ⴕ
Fricative	Ⴣ	Ⴑ, Ⴘ	Ⴠ
Trill/Lateral		Ⴐ, Ⴊ

And you know who else uses Asomtavruli?

Grammar

Nomenclature

When a word conforms to an another word in vowel rhytm, it means that the vowel rhythm is derived from the word that the other word is being added to.

When a word dictates the vowel rhythm, that means that any following words are adjusting their vowel rhythm

Nouns

Nouns start with high initial vowels - i ʏ u - and are inflected by number, and are able to be agglued together to express greater or more precise meanings.

Number

Two plural numbers exist in Toli - singular and plural. Plurals are achived through the voicing of the last consonant in said noun. Numeral names may be agglued to a noun in its singular form as a preffix, to convey a specific number of said noun - they conform to the vowel rythm.

Kuyn /kwʏn/ - Needle

Kuyn' /kwʏnd/ - Needles

Ỽekuyn /ɬɛkwʏn/ - Two needles; With Ỽy - Two

Glueing Nouns

Nouns can be glued together to expand the meaning of a noun or to expand its meaning without an adjective. Components of a noun construction must make a logical sense to convey the new meaning.

Capitalization

Proper nouns are capitalized, alongside nouns in some adjective constructions. See Adjectives.

Verbs

Verbs start with low initial vowels - a ɛ u - and are conjugated by tense, aspect and mood.

Dialects

Modern Toli has developed several dialects. Sometimes, separate languges are regarded as dialects of Toli. Most spoken dialects are presented bellow

Perhyh Dialect

Perhyh Dialect is used in the capital of Aprux Mexyrhat, Perhyh. It's the stereotypical "young people lazy" and "deafult city" trope. Notable features of this dialect include:

• Merging of r and l into l
• Merging of ʏ and u in closed syllable positions
• Lenghting of open end syllable vowels
• Historical ɛr becoming ə
• Glotalization of x into h