Proto-Tsai-Chire: Difference between revisions

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The '''Proto-Tsai-Chire''' language is the ancestor of all [[Tsai-Chire languages]].
The '''Proto-Tsai-Chire''' language ('''PTC''', sometimes shortened to ''Proto-Tsachire'') is the ancestor of all [[Tsai-Chire languages]].


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Vowels
|-
! !! Front !! Back
! !! Front !! Back
|-
|-
| Close || i || u
! Close
| i || u
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | Mid || ø || o
! rowspan="2" | Mid
| ø || o
|-
|-
| e || ɤ
| e || ɤ
|-
|-
| Open || æ || ɑ
! Open
| æ || ɑ <a>
|}
 
Every vowel can be combined with each other for a diphthong.
 
===Consonants===
 
{| class="wikitable"
! !! Labial !! Alveolar !! Velar
|-
! Plosive
| p || t || k
|-
! Nasal
| m || n || ŋ
|-
! Fricative
|f || s || h
|-
! Liquid
| || l ||
|}
 
Every consonant can also be geminated!!!! Isn't that fun
 
==Grammar==
Proto-Tsai-Chire is an agglutinative language.
 
===Cases===
PTC has four cases:
{| class="wikitable"
! Name !! Suffix
|-
| Nominative || -∅
|-
| Genitive || -e, -i
|-
| Accusative || -ɑ
|-
| Instrumental || ''Gen +'' -iu
|-
| Locative || ''Gen +'' -n
|-
| Vocative || -iɑ
|}
|}


==Vocabulary==
===Pronouns===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Consonants
! !! colspan="3" | Singular !! colspan="3" | Plural
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Bilabial
! colspan="2" |Dental
! colspan="2" |Alveolar
! colspan="2" |Postalveolar
! colspan="2" |Retroflex
! colspan="2" |Alveolo-Palatal
!Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar-Uvular
|-
|-
!unv
! !! 1p !! 2p !! 3p !! 1p !! 2p !! 3p
!v
!unv
!v
!unv
!v
!unv
!v
!unv
!v
!unv
!v
!
!unv
!v
|-
|-
!Plosive
! Nominative
|p
| lø || itɤ || ŋka || kti || kitɤ || kænu
|b
|
|
|t
|d
|
|
|
|
|
|
|c [c, ç]
|k
|ɡ [ɡ, ɤ̯]
|-
|-
!Nasal
! Genitive
|
| le || iti || ŋke || kte || kiti || kæne
|m [m, ɰ̃p, mp]'''⁵'''
|
|
|
|n
|
|
|
|
|
|(nʲ)²
|
|
|ɰ̃, (ŋ)
|-
|-
!Fricative
! Accusative
|
| la || ita || ŋkaa || kta || kita || kæna
|
|(θ)¹
|(ð)¹
|s
|
|
|
|ʂ
|
|ɕ
|
|
|χ
|
|-
|-
!Affricate
! Instrumental
|
| leiu || iteiu || ŋkeiu || kteiu || kiteiu || kæneiu
|
|
|
|(ts)¹
|dz
|(tʃ)¹
|(dʒ)¹
|ʈʂ
|ɖʐ
|tɕ
|dʑ
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Liquid
! Locative
|
| len || itin || ŋken || kten || kitin || kænen
|w
|
|
|
|ɮ
|
|
|
|ɻ⁴
|
|lj~lʲ
|j
|
|
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 20:15, 22 July 2026

The Proto-Tsai-Chire language (PTC, sometimes shortened to Proto-Tsachire) is the ancestor of all Tsai-Chire languages.

Phonology

Vowels

Front Back
Close i u
Mid ø o
e ɤ
Open æ ɑ <a>

Every vowel can be combined with each other for a diphthong.

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Velar
Plosive p t k
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative f s h
Liquid l

Every consonant can also be geminated!!!! Isn't that fun

Grammar

Proto-Tsai-Chire is an agglutinative language.

Cases

PTC has four cases:

Name Suffix
Nominative -∅
Genitive -e, -i
Accusative -ɑ
Instrumental Gen + -iu
Locative Gen + -n
Vocative -iɑ

Vocabulary

Pronouns

Singular Plural
1p 2p 3p 1p 2p 3p
Nominative lø itɤ ŋka kti kitɤ kænu
Genitive le iti ŋke kte kiti kæne
Accusative la ita ŋkaa kta kita kæna
Instrumental leiu iteiu ŋkeiu kteiu kiteiu kæneiu
Locative len itin ŋken kten kitin kænen
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