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== Phonology ==
=== Vowels ===
=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
Line 18: Line 20:
|-
|-
|mid
|mid
|ə ⟨u⟩
|ʏ ⟨u⟩
|
|
|o ⟨o⟩
|o ⟨o⟩
Line 28: Line 30:
|ɑ ⟨a⟩
|ɑ ⟨a⟩
|
|
|}Vowels may be nasalized or elongated
|}
Vowels may be elongated
 
/∅/ ⟨e⟩


=== Consonants ===
=== Consonants ===
Line 50: Line 55:
|
|
|q
|q
|
|ʔ ⟨'⟩
|-
|-
|Sibilant affricate
|Sibilant affricate
Line 77: Line 82:
|-
|-
|Lateral fricative
|Lateral fricative
⟨kl⟩ / ɮ ⟨gl⟩
⟨cl⟩ / ɮ ⟨yl⟩
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Lateral  
|Lateral syllabic
|ɬ̩͡l ⟨kll⟩ / ɮ̩͡l ⟨gll⟩
|ɬ̩͡l ⟨cll⟩ / ɮ̩͡l ⟨yll⟩
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|}
|}
q_qh_t /qVħVtV/ - black
nitrre-sut /nɨʀ̥.ʃʏt/ - mud-
== Patterns ==
=== Verbs ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Active voice
! colspan="2" |Passive voice
! colspan="2" |Causative voice
! rowspan="2" |Reciprocal/Reflexive
|-
|Agent
|Patient
|Agent
|Patient
|Agent
|Patient
|-
| rowspan="4" |1
|SG
|_a_a_a
|_a_ii_a
|_u_a_a
|_u_ii_a
|_o_a_a
|_o_ii_a
|_i_u_a
|-
|DUAL
|_a_a_i
|_a_ii_i
|_u_a_i
|_u_ii_i
|_o_a_i
|_o_ii_i
|_i_u_i
|-
|PAU
|_a_a_an
|_a_ii_an
|_u_a_an
|_u_ii_an
|_o_a_an
|_o_ii_an
|_i_u_an
|-
|PL
|_a_a_os
|_a_ii_os
|_u_a_os
|_u_ii_os
|_o_a_os
|_o_ii_os
|_i_u_os
|-
| rowspan="4" |2
|SG
|_ale_a_a
|_ale_ii_a
|_ule_a_a
|_u_ii_a
|_oo_a_a
|_oo_ii_a
|_ile_u_a
|-
|DUAL
|_ale_a_i
|_ale_ii_i
|_ule_a_i
|_ule_ii_i
|_ole_a_i
|_ole_ii_i
|_ile_u_i
|-
|PAU
|_ale_a_an
|_ale_ii_an
|_ule_a_an
|_ule_ii_an
|_ole_a_an
|_ole_ii_an
|_ile_u_an
|-
|PL
|_ale_a_os
|_ale_ii_os
|_ule_a_os
|_ule_ii_os
|_ole_a_os
|_ole_ii_os
|_ile_u_os
|-
| rowspan="4" |3
|SG
|_aa_a_a
|_aa_ii_a
|_uu_a_a
|_uu_ii_a
|_oo_a_a
|_oo_ii_a
|_ii_u_a
|-
|DUAL
|_aa_a_i
|_aa_ii_i
|_uu_a_i
|_uu_ii_i
|_oo_a_i
|_oo_ii_i
|_ii_u_i
|-
|PAU
|_aa_a_an
|_aa_ii_an
|_uu_a_an
|_uu_ii_an
|_oo_a_an
|_oo_ii_an
|_ii_u_an
|-
|PL
|_aa_a_os
|_aa_ii_os
|_uu_a_os
|_uu_ii_os
|_oo_a_os
|_oo_ii_os
|_ii_u_os
|}
=== Nouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Animate
! rowspan="2" |Inanimate
|-
!Rational
!Irrational
|-
|Powerful-Fragile
|_i_i_ate
|_o_a_e
|_o_o_ate
|-
|Powerful-Graceful
|_u_a_a
|_o_i_a
|_a_a_a
|-
|Graceful-Fragile
|_u_u_ane
|_o_o_o
|_a_a_ane
|}
Affixation is used to derive the stative, agent, and patient nominalizations of a verb (to fly becomes flight, that which flies, and that which is flown), as well as the past and present participle adjectivizations of a verb (to fly becomes flown and flying)
When an illegal consonant cluster appears, it is broken up by schwa, still written as ⟨e⟩
Tense goes on the outside as a circumfix, while aspect is a preverb
is marked with the 'i⟩⟨ile circumfix. Its absence implies a noun belongs to the rational class
Possession and inalienability are marked separately (e.g. 'my brother' and 'my ball' use a different interfix)
== Roots ==

Revision as of 06:56, 1 August 2026

Phonology

Vowels

closure central back
unrounded rounded unrounded rounded
close ɨ ⟨i⟩
mid ʏ ⟨u⟩ o ⟨o⟩
open ɑ ⟨a⟩

Vowels may be elongated

/∅/ ⟨e⟩

Consonants

Placement →

↓ Manner

Coronal Palatal Dorsal Laryngeal
Nasal n
Plosive t / d q ʔ ⟨'⟩
Sibilant affricate t͡ʃ ⟨ts⟩ / d͡ʒ ⟨dz⟩
Sibilant fricative ʃ ⟨s⟩ / ʒ ⟨z⟩
Non-sibilant fricative θ ⟨th⟩ / ð ⟨dh⟩ ç ⟨c⟩ / ʝ ⟨y⟩ x ⟨k⟩ / ɣ ⟨g⟩ ħ ⟨qh⟩ / h
Trill r̥ ⟨tr⟩ / r ʀ̥ ⟨trr⟩ / ʀ ⟨rr⟩
Lateral fricative ɬ ⟨cl⟩ / ɮ ⟨yl⟩
Lateral syllabic ɬ̩͡l ⟨cll⟩ / ɮ̩͡l ⟨yll⟩
Lateral Approximant l

q_qh_t /qVħVtV/ - black

nitrre-sut /nɨʀ̥.ʃʏt/ - mud-

Patterns

Verbs

Active voice Passive voice Causative voice Reciprocal/Reflexive
Agent Patient Agent Patient Agent Patient
1 SG _a_a_a _a_ii_a _u_a_a _u_ii_a _o_a_a _o_ii_a _i_u_a
DUAL _a_a_i _a_ii_i _u_a_i _u_ii_i _o_a_i _o_ii_i _i_u_i
PAU _a_a_an _a_ii_an _u_a_an _u_ii_an _o_a_an _o_ii_an _i_u_an
PL _a_a_os _a_ii_os _u_a_os _u_ii_os _o_a_os _o_ii_os _i_u_os
2 SG _ale_a_a _ale_ii_a _ule_a_a _u_ii_a _oo_a_a _oo_ii_a _ile_u_a
DUAL _ale_a_i _ale_ii_i _ule_a_i _ule_ii_i _ole_a_i _ole_ii_i _ile_u_i
PAU _ale_a_an _ale_ii_an _ule_a_an _ule_ii_an _ole_a_an _ole_ii_an _ile_u_an
PL _ale_a_os _ale_ii_os _ule_a_os _ule_ii_os _ole_a_os _ole_ii_os _ile_u_os
3 SG _aa_a_a _aa_ii_a _uu_a_a _uu_ii_a _oo_a_a _oo_ii_a _ii_u_a
DUAL _aa_a_i _aa_ii_i _uu_a_i _uu_ii_i _oo_a_i _oo_ii_i _ii_u_i
PAU _aa_a_an _aa_ii_an _uu_a_an _uu_ii_an _oo_a_an _oo_ii_an _ii_u_an
PL _aa_a_os _aa_ii_os _uu_a_os _uu_ii_os _oo_a_os _oo_ii_os _ii_u_os

Nouns

Animate Inanimate
Rational Irrational
Powerful-Fragile _i_i_ate _o_a_e _o_o_ate
Powerful-Graceful _u_a_a _o_i_a _a_a_a
Graceful-Fragile _u_u_ane _o_o_o _a_a_ane

Affixation is used to derive the stative, agent, and patient nominalizations of a verb (to fly becomes flight, that which flies, and that which is flown), as well as the past and present participle adjectivizations of a verb (to fly becomes flown and flying)

When an illegal consonant cluster appears, it is broken up by schwa, still written as ⟨e⟩

Tense goes on the outside as a circumfix, while aspect is a preverb

is marked with the 'i⟩⟨ile circumfix. Its absence implies a noun belongs to the rational class

Possession and inalienability are marked separately (e.g. 'my brother' and 'my ball' use a different interfix)

Roots