Placeholdernamethingy: Difference between revisions

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Most of chart finished
MiaKvigan (talk | contribs)
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Made quite a few things
 
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!rounded
!rounded
|-
|-
|close
|unrounded
|
|ʏ ⟨u⟩
|ɨ ⟨i⟩
|ɨ ⟨i⟩
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|mid
|rounded
|ʏ ⟨u⟩
|
|
|
|
|o ⟨o⟩
|o ⟨o⟩
|
|-
|-
|open
|open
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{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+
|+
!Placement →
! colspan="2" |Placement →
↓ Manner
↓ Manner
!Coronal
!Coronal
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!Laryngeal
!Laryngeal
|-
|-
|Nasal
| colspan="2" |Nasal
|n
|n
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|Plosive
| colspan="2" |Plosive
|t / d
|t / d
|
|
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|ʔ ⟨'⟩
|ʔ ⟨'⟩
|-
|-
|Sibilant affricate
| colspan="2" |Sibilant affricate
|t͡ʃ ⟨ts⟩ / d͡ʒ ⟨dz⟩
|t͡ʃ ⟨ts⟩ / d͡ʒ ⟨dz⟩
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|Sibilant fricative
| colspan="2" |Sibilant fricative
|ʃ ⟨s⟩ / ʒ ⟨z⟩
|ʃ ⟨s⟩ / ʒ ⟨z⟩
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|Non-sibilant fricative
| colspan="2" |Non-sibilant fricative
|θ ⟨th⟩ / ð ⟨dh⟩
|θ ⟨th⟩ / ð ⟨dh⟩
|ç ⟨c⟩ / ʝ ⟨y⟩
|ç ⟨c⟩ / ʝ ⟨y⟩
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|ħ ⟨qh⟩ / h
|ħ ⟨qh⟩ / h
|-
|-
|Trill
| colspan="2" |Trill
|r̥ ⟨tr⟩ / r
|r̥ ⟨tr⟩ / r
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|Lateral fricative
| rowspan="2" |Lateral affricate
|ɬ ⟨cl⟩ / ɮ ⟨yl⟩
|syllabic
|t͡ɬ̩͡l ⟨tcll⟩ / d͡ɮ̩͡l ⟨dyll⟩
|
|
|
|-
|asyllabic
|t͡ɬ ⟨tcl⟩ / d͡ɮ ⟨dyl⟩
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Lateral syllabic
| rowspan="2" |Lateral fricative
|syllabic
|ɬ̩͡l ⟨cll⟩ / ɮ̩͡l ⟨yll⟩
|ɬ̩͡l ⟨cll⟩ / ɮ̩͡l ⟨yll⟩
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
|Lateral Approximant
|asyllabic
|ɬ ⟨cl⟩ / ɮ ⟨yl⟩
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="2" |Lateral Approximant
|l
|l
|
|
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|}
|}


q_qh_t /qVħVtV/ - black
=== Phonotactics ===
 
== Forms ==
Consonants are notated as c₁, c₂, etc., while vowels are v₁, v₂, etc.. Examples are based on root n_s_q_, painting (in the gnomic sense), in 1SG.AGT.ACT pattern


nitrre-sut /nɨʀ̥.ʃʏt/ - mud-
# c₁v₁c₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho nasaqa - I paint
# c₁v₁c₂c₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho nassaqa - I need to paint
# c₁v₁c₁v₁c₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho nanasaqa - I want to paint
# dac₁v₁c₂v₂lec₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho danasaleqa - I demand to paint, I implore to paint
# 'v₁c₁ec₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho 'anesaqa - I would paint, I might paint
# c₁v₁c₂ec₃v₂rv₃ - dane 'ukadho naseqara  - I paint (augmentative)
# c₁v₁nev₂c₂v₃c₃ - dane 'ukadho nanasaq - I paint (diminutive)
# c₁v₁c₃v₂c₂v₃ - dane 'ukado naqasa - I love to paint


== Patterns ==
== Patterns ==
=== Verbs ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+
|+
! colspan="9" |Verbs
!Derived nouns
! colspan="2" |Derived adjectives
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
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! colspan="2" |Causative voice
! colspan="2" |Causative voice
! rowspan="2" |Reciprocal/Reflexive
! rowspan="2" |Reciprocal/Reflexive
!Stative
!Past participle
!Present participle
|-
|-
|Agent
|Agent
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|Agent
|Agent
|Patient
|Patient
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |1
| rowspan="4" |1
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|_o_ii_a
|_o_ii_a
|_i_u_a
|_i_u_a
|
|
|
|-
|-
|DUAL
|DUAL
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|_o_ii_i
|_o_ii_i
|_i_u_i
|_i_u_i
|
|
|
|-
|-
|PAU
|PAU
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|_o_ii_an
|_o_ii_an
|_i_u_an
|_i_u_an
|
|
|
|-
|-
|PL
|PL
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|_o_ii_os
|_o_ii_os
|_i_u_os
|_i_u_os
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |2
| rowspan="4" |2
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|_oo_ii_a
|_oo_ii_a
|_ile_u_a
|_ile_u_a
|
|
|
|-
|-
|DUAL
|DUAL
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|_ole_ii_i
|_ole_ii_i
|_ile_u_i
|_ile_u_i
|
|
|
|-
|-
|PAU
|PAU
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|_ole_ii_an
|_ole_ii_an
|_ile_u_an
|_ile_u_an
|
|
|
|-
|-
|PL
|PL
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|_ole_ii_os
|_ole_ii_os
|_ile_u_os
|_ile_u_os
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |3
| rowspan="4" |3
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|_oo_ii_a
|_oo_ii_a
|_ii_u_a
|_ii_u_a
|
|
|
|-
|-
|DUAL
|DUAL
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|_oo_ii_i
|_oo_ii_i
|_ii_u_i
|_ii_u_i
|
|
|
|-
|-
|PAU
|PAU
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|_oo_ii_an
|_oo_ii_an
|_ii_u_an
|_ii_u_an
|
|
|
|-
|-
|PL
|PL
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|_oo_ii_os
|_oo_ii_os
|_ii_u_os
|_ii_u_os
|
|
|
|}
|}
=== Nouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Animate
! rowspan="2" |Inanimate
|-
!Rational
!Irrational
|-
|Powerful-Fragile
|_i_i_ate
|_o_a_e
|_o_o_ate
|-
|Powerful-Graceful
|_u_a_a
|_o_i_a
|_a_a_a
|-
|Graceful-Fragile
|_u_u_ane
|_o_o_o
|_a_a_ane
|}
=== Pronouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Presentation →
! rowspan="2" |Powerful-Fragile
! rowspan="2" |Powerful-Graceful
! rowspan="2" |Graceful-Fragile
|-
!Performance ↓
|-
|Powerful-fragile
|'ukadho
|dulatto
|su'ano
|-
|Powerful-Graceful
|'ikodha
|dilotta
|si'ona
|-
|Graceful-Fragile
|'akadhe
|dalatte
|sa'ane
|}
Affixation is used to derive the stative, agent, and patient nominalizations of a verb (to fly becomes flight, that which flies, and that which is flown), as well as the past and present participle adjectivizations of a verb (to fly becomes flown and flying)
When an illegal consonant cluster appears, it is broken up by schwa, still written as ⟨e⟩
When an illegal consonant cluster appears, it is broken up by schwa, still written as ⟨e⟩


Tense goes on the outside as a circumfix, while aspect is a preverb
Tense goes on the outside as a circumfix, while aspect is a postposition


Inorganicity is marked with the 'i⟩⟨ile circumfix. Its absence implies a noun belongs to the organic class
The conceptual nominalizer is marked with the 'i⟩⟨nile circumfix


Possession and inalienability are marked separately (e.g. 'my brother' and 'my ball' use a different interfix)
alienable possession and inalienable possession are marked separately (e.g. 'my brother' and 'my ball' use a different interfix)


== Roots ==
== Roots ==
Sentences begin with the nominative word. A particle ('abun) is used to mark topic.

Latest revision as of 10:48, 1 August 2026

Phonology

Vowels

closure central back
unrounded rounded unrounded rounded
unrounded ʏ ⟨u⟩ ɨ ⟨i⟩
rounded o ⟨o⟩
open ɑ ⟨a⟩

Vowels may be elongated

/∅/ ⟨e⟩

Consonants

Placement →

↓ Manner

Coronal Palatal Dorsal Laryngeal
Nasal n
Plosive t / d q ʔ ⟨'⟩
Sibilant affricate t͡ʃ ⟨ts⟩ / d͡ʒ ⟨dz⟩
Sibilant fricative ʃ ⟨s⟩ / ʒ ⟨z⟩
Non-sibilant fricative θ ⟨th⟩ / ð ⟨dh⟩ ç ⟨c⟩ / ʝ ⟨y⟩ x ⟨k⟩ / ɣ ⟨g⟩ ħ ⟨qh⟩ / h
Trill r̥ ⟨tr⟩ / r ʀ̥ ⟨trr⟩ / ʀ ⟨rr⟩
Lateral affricate syllabic t͡ɬ̩͡l ⟨tcll⟩ / d͡ɮ̩͡l ⟨dyll⟩
asyllabic t͡ɬ ⟨tcl⟩ / d͡ɮ ⟨dyl⟩
Lateral fricative syllabic ɬ̩͡l ⟨cll⟩ / ɮ̩͡l ⟨yll⟩
asyllabic ɬ ⟨cl⟩ / ɮ ⟨yl⟩
Lateral Approximant l

Phonotactics

Forms

Consonants are notated as c₁, c₂, etc., while vowels are v₁, v₂, etc.. Examples are based on root n_s_q_, painting (in the gnomic sense), in 1SG.AGT.ACT pattern

  1. c₁v₁c₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho nasaqa - I paint
  2. c₁v₁c₂c₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho nassaqa - I need to paint
  3. c₁v₁c₁v₁c₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho nanasaqa - I want to paint
  4. dac₁v₁c₂v₂lec₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho danasaleqa - I demand to paint, I implore to paint
  5. 'v₁c₁ec₂v₂c₃v₃ - dane 'ukadho 'anesaqa - I would paint, I might paint
  6. c₁v₁c₂ec₃v₂rv₃ - dane 'ukadho naseqara - I paint (augmentative)
  7. c₁v₁nev₂c₂v₃c₃ - dane 'ukadho nanasaq - I paint (diminutive)
  8. c₁v₁c₃v₂c₂v₃ - dane 'ukado naqasa - I love to paint

Patterns

Verbs

Active voice Passive voice Causative voice Reciprocal/Reflexive
Agent Patient Agent Patient Agent Patient
1 SG _a_a_a _a_ii_a _u_a_a _u_ii_a _o_a_a _o_ii_a _i_u_a
DUAL _a_a_i _a_ii_i _u_a_i _u_ii_i _o_a_i _o_ii_i _i_u_i
PAU _a_a_an _a_ii_an _u_a_an _u_ii_an _o_a_an _o_ii_an _i_u_an
PL _a_a_os _a_ii_os _u_a_os _u_ii_os _o_a_os _o_ii_os _i_u_os
2 SG _ale_a_a _ale_ii_a _ule_a_a _u_ii_a _oo_a_a _oo_ii_a _ile_u_a
DUAL _ale_a_i _ale_ii_i _ule_a_i _ule_ii_i _ole_a_i _ole_ii_i _ile_u_i
PAU _ale_a_an _ale_ii_an _ule_a_an _ule_ii_an _ole_a_an _ole_ii_an _ile_u_an
PL _ale_a_os _ale_ii_os _ule_a_os _ule_ii_os _ole_a_os _ole_ii_os _ile_u_os
3 SG _aa_a_a _aa_ii_a _uu_a_a _uu_ii_a _oo_a_a _oo_ii_a _ii_u_a
DUAL _aa_a_i _aa_ii_i _uu_a_i _uu_ii_i _oo_a_i _oo_ii_i _ii_u_i
PAU _aa_a_an _aa_ii_an _uu_a_an _uu_ii_an _oo_a_an _oo_ii_an _ii_u_an
PL _aa_a_os _aa_ii_os _uu_a_os _uu_ii_os _oo_a_os _oo_ii_os _ii_u_os

Nouns

Animate Inanimate
Rational Irrational
Powerful-Fragile _i_i_ate _o_a_e _o_o_ate
Powerful-Graceful _u_a_a _o_i_a _a_a_a
Graceful-Fragile _u_u_ane _o_o_o _a_a_ane

Pronouns

Presentation → Powerful-Fragile Powerful-Graceful Graceful-Fragile
Performance ↓
Powerful-fragile 'ukadho dulatto su'ano
Powerful-Graceful 'ikodha dilotta si'ona
Graceful-Fragile 'akadhe dalatte sa'ane

Affixation is used to derive the stative, agent, and patient nominalizations of a verb (to fly becomes flight, that which flies, and that which is flown), as well as the past and present participle adjectivizations of a verb (to fly becomes flown and flying)

When an illegal consonant cluster appears, it is broken up by schwa, still written as ⟨e⟩

Tense goes on the outside as a circumfix, while aspect is a postposition

The conceptual nominalizer is marked with the 'i⟩⟨nile circumfix

alienable possession and inalienable possession are marked separately (e.g. 'my brother' and 'my ball' use a different interfix)

Roots

Sentences begin with the nominative word. A particle ('abun) is used to mark topic.

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