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| This article is a work in progress.
| | #REDIRECT [[Zaekuu]] |
| {{Infobox|
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| {{Infobox/above|{{{name|Daekuu<br>''ɢǀáeˤʰkúuʰ''}}}|style=background:#76ff7a}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Language family|{{{family|[[Deep Dimensional]]}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Early form(s)|{{{early-forms|}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Era|{{{era|}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Writing system|{{{scripts|Latin (nonstandard [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA])}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/header|Official status|style=background:#76ff7a}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Spoken in|{{{country|[[Realm of Madness]]}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Regulated by|{{{regulator|}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/header|Speaker|style=background:#76ff7a}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Demonym|{{{demonym|}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Endonym|{{{endonym|}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Exonym|{{{exonym|}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Number of speakers|{{{number|0}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/header|Technical information|style=background:#76ff7a}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Usage|{{{usage|[[Invasive language]]}}}}}
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| {{Infobox/row|Language code|{{{lang-code|DKU}}}}}
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| }}
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| '''Daekuu/Zaekuu''' ([[English|ᴇɴɢ]]: /daɪ̯.kuː, zaɪ̯.kuː/), or '''ɢǀáeˤʰkúuʰ''' (ᴅᴋᴜ: [ɢ͡ǀa̤̋e̤̋ˤkṳ́ː]), is a click language whose phonology is heavily inspired by [[w:Taa_language|!Xóõ]] and [[w:Khoekhoe_language#Phonology|Khoekhoe]]. It suddenly appeared in [[Nguhcraft]] without explanation. The [[Realm of Madness]] attributes this and the sudden appearance of the [[KWMs]] language as the result of a invasion of untraceable languages from another dimension. Languages from this dimension are described as descending from a linguistic anomaly, possibly a proto-language, called [[Deep Dimensional]].
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| == Phonology ==
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| === Non-Click Consonants ===
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| There are 72 non-click consonants. Most plosives and affricates have only specific vowel phonations they can precede. Some have voicing allophony depending on which vowel phonations they precede.
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
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| ! colspan="2" |Bilabial
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| ! colspan="2" |Alveolar
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| ! colspan="2" |Postalveolar
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| ! colspan="2" |Palatal
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| ! colspan="2" |Velar
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| ! colspan="2" |Uvular
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| ! colspan="2" |Epiglottal
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| ! rowspan="2" |Glottal
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| |-
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| !Vcls
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| !Vcd
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Nasal
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| |m
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| |n
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| |ɲ
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| |ŋ
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| |ɴ
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="4" |Plosive
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| !Plain
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| |p
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| |b
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| |t
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| |d
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| |ɟ
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| |k
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| |g
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| |q
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| |ɢ
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| |ʡ
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| |ʔ
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| |-
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| !Aspirated
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| |̬b̥ʰ
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| |tʰ
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| |̬d̥ʰ
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| |-
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| !Ejective
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| |tʼ
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| |̬d̥ʼ
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| |kʼ
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| |̬g̊ʼ
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| |qʼ
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| |̬ɢ̥ʼ
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| |-
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| !Implosive
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| |ƥ
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| |ɓ
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| |ƭ
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| |ɗ
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| |ʄ
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" |Affricate
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| !Plain
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| |dz
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| |tʃ
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| |dʒ
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| |cɕ
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| |-
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| !Aspirated
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| |tsʰ
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| |̬d̥sʰ
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| |cɕʰ
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| |ɟɕʰ
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| |kxʰ
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| |̬g̊xʰ
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| |qχʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥χʰ
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| |-
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| !Ejective
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| |tsʼ
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| |̬d̥sʼ
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| |cɕʼ
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| |ɟɕʼ
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| |kʟ̝̊ʼ
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| |̬g̊ʟ̝̊ʼ
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| |qχʼ
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| |̬ɢ̥χʼ
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" |Fricative
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| !Plain
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| |s
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| |x
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| |χ
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| |ʜ
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| |ʢ
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| |h
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| |-
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| !Aspirated
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| |sʰ
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| |xʰ
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| |-
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| !Ejective
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| |sʼ
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| |xʼ
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Liquid
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| |ɬ
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| |l
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| |ɾ
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Coarticulates
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| | colspan="15" |ŋ͡m t͡p d͡b k͡p k͡t k͡tχʰ k͡txʼ [[w:Sibilant#Whistled_sibilants|σ]] w
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| |}
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| === Click Consonants ===
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| There are 110 click consonants.
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
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| ! colspan="2" |Bilabial
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| ! colspan="2" |Dental
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| ! colspan="2" |Alveolar
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| ! colspan="2" |Lateral
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| ! colspan="2" |Palatal
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| |-
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| !Velar
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| !Uvular
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| !Velar
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| !Uvular
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| !Velar
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| !Uvular
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| !Velar
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| !Uvular
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| !Velar
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| !Uvular
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" |Nasal
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| !Plain
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| |ŋʘ
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| |ɴʘ
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| |ŋǀ
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| |ɴǀ
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| |ŋǃ
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| |ɴǃ
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| |ŋǁ
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| |ɴǁ
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| |ŋǂ
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| |ɴǂ
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| |-
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| !Aspirated
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| |ŋ̊ʘʰ
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| |ɴ̥ʘʜ
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| |ŋ̊ǀʰ
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| |ɴ̥ǀʜ
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| |ŋ̊ǃʰ
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| |ɴ̥ǃʜ
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| |ŋ̊ǁʰ
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| |ɴ̥ǁʜ
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| |ŋ̊ǂʰ
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| |ɴ̥ǂʜ
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| |-
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| !Glottalized
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| |ŋ̊ʘˀ
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| |ŋ̊ǀˀ
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| |ŋ̊ǃˀ
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| |ŋ̊ǁˀ
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| |ŋ̊ǂˀ
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="4" |Voiceless Oral
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| !Plain
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| |kʘ
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| |qʘ
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| |kǀ
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| |qǀ
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| |kǃ
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| |qǃ
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| |kǁ
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| |qǁ
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| |kǂ
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| |qǂ
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| |-
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| !Delayed
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| |ʘq
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| |ǀq
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| |ǃq
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| |ǁq
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| |ǂq
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| |-
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| !Affricate
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| |kʘx
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| |qʘχ
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| |kǀx
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| |qǀχ
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| |kǃx
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| |qǃχ
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| |kǁx
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| |qǁχ
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| |kǂx
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| |qǂχ
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| |-
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| !Ejective
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| |kʘxʼ
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| |qʘχʼ
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| |kǀxʼ
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| |qǀχʼ
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| |kǃxʼ
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| |qǃχʼ
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| |kǁxʼ
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| |qǁχʼ
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| |kǂxʼ
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| |qǂχʼ
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="5" |Voiced Oral
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| !Plain
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| |gʘ
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| |ɢʘ
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| |gǀ
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| |ɢǀ
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| |gǃ
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| |ɢǃ
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| |gǁ
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| |ɢǁ
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| |gǂ
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| |ɢǂ
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| |-
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| !Aspirated
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| |̬g̊ʘʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ʘʰ
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| |̬g̊ǀʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǀʰ
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| |̬g̊ǃʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǃʰ
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| |̬g̊ǁʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǁʰ
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| |̬g̊ǂʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǂʰ
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| |-
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| !Glottalized
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| |̬g̊ʘˀ
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| |̬ɢ̥ʘˀ
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| |̬g̊ǀˀ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǀˀ
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| |̬g̊ǃˀ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǃˀ
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| |̬g̊ǁˀ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǁˀ
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| |̬g̊ǂˀ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǂˀ
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| |-
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| !Affricate
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| |̬g̊ʘxʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ʘχʰ
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| |̬g̊ǀxʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǀχʰ
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| |̬g̊ǃxʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǃχʰ
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| |̬g̊ǁxʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǁχʰ
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| |̬g̊ǂxʰ
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| |̬ɢ̥ǂχʰ
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| |-
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| !Ejective
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| |̬ʘg̊’
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| |̬ʘɢ̥’
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| |̬ǀg̊’
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| |̬ǀɢ̥’
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| |̬ǃg̊’
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| |̬ǃɢ̥’
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| |̬ǁg̊’
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| |̬ǁɢ̥’
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| |̬ǂg̊’
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| |̬ǂɢ̥’
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| |}
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| === Vowels ===
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| Daekuu uses the 5-vowel system /i e a u o/. All of them can be nasalized /ĩ ẽ ã ũ õ/, pharyngealized /iˤ eˤ aˤ uˤ oˤ/, breathy /i̤ e̤ a̤ ṳ o̤/, or creaky /ḭ ḛ a̰ ṵ o̰/. All voice qualities can be combined except for breathy and creaky.
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| === Tones ===
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| There are 6 phonemic tones, 3 level tones: high /◌́/, mid /◌̄/, low /◌̀/, and 3 contour tones falling /◌̂/, mid falling /◌᷆/, and low rising /◌᷅/. The phonation of the following consonant can create allophonic variation in these tones. Preceding a tenuis or aspirated consonant, the high, falling, and low rising tones become extra-high [◌̋], high falling [◌᷇], and rising [◌̌]. Preceding a voiced, glottalized, or ejective consonant, the low and low rising tones become extra-low [◌̏] and low [◌̀]. Preceding an implosive consonant, the high, mid, low, and low rising tones become mid [◌̄], low [◌̀], extra-low [◌̏], and peaking [◌᷈].
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| == Romanization ==
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| Phonemes are mostly romanized as their IPA transcription, however there are a few changes that need to be made.
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| '''Consonants:'''
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| # ⟨ŋ̊⟩ is removed
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| # ⟨ɕ⟩ is removed
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| # all combining diacritics are removed
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| # ⟨ʟ̝̊⟩ is replaced with ⟨x⟩
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| # ⟨ˀ⟩ is replaced with ⟨ʼ⟩
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| # ⟨σ⟩ is replaced with ⟨sf⟩
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| # ⟨ɾ⟩ may be optionally replaced with ⟨r⟩
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| '''Vowels:'''
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| # ⟨◌̤⟩ is replaced with ⟨◌ʰ⟩
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| # ⟨◌̰⟩ is replaced with ⟨◌ʼ⟩
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| '''Tones:'''
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| # ⟨◌̄⟩ is removed
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| # ⟨◌᷆⟩ is replaced with ⟨◌̄⟩
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| # ⟨◌᷅⟩ is replaced with ⟨◌̌⟩
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| !IPA
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| !Romanization
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| |-
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| |/̬b̥ʰ/
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| |bʰ
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| |-
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| |/̬d̥ʰ/, /̬d̥ʼ/
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| |dʰ, dʼ
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| |-
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| |/̬d̥sʰ/, /̬d̥sʼ/
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| |dsʰ, dsʼ
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| |-
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| |/̬ɢ̥ʼ/, /̬ɢ̥χʰ/, /̬ɢ̥χʼ/
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| |ɢʼ, ɢχʰ, ɢχʼ
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| |-
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| |/̬g̊Ʞʰ/, /̬g̊Ʞxʰ/, /̬g̊Ʞˀ/
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| |gꞰʰ, gꞰxʰ, gꞰ’
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| |-
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| |/̬Ʞg̊’/
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| |Ʞg’
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| |-
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| |/A͡B/ (coarticulations)
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| |AB
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| |-
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| |/kʟ̝̊ʼ/
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| |kxʼ
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| |-
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| |/̬g̊ʼ/, /̬g̊xʰ/, /̬g̊ʟ̝̊ʼ/
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| |gʼ, gxʰ, gxʼ
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| |-
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| |/cɕ/, /cɕʰ/, /cɕʼ/
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| |c, cʰ, cʼ
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| |-
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| |/ɟɕʰ/, /ɟɕʼ/
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| |ɟʰ, ɟʼ
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| |-
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| |/ŋ̊Ʞʰ/, /ɴ̥Ʞʜ/
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| |Ʞʰ, Ʞʜ
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| |-
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| |/ŋ̊Ʞˀ/
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| |Ʞʼ
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| |-
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| |/σ/
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| |sf
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| |-
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| |/ɾ/
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| |r / ɾ
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| |-
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| |/V̤/
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| |Vʰ
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| |-
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| |/V̰/
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| |Vʼ
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| |-
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| |/V̄/
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| |V
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| |-
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| |/V᷆/
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| |V̄
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| |-
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| |/V᷅/
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| |V̌
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| |}
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| In linguistic notation, a ring diacritic is placed above vowels to indicate tonal neutrality: /i e a u o/ ⟨ı̊ e̊ å ů o̊⟩.
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| If a consonant cluster may be mistaken for a polygraph, a hyphen is added wherever best avoids ambiguity. For example, one may distinguish /gxʰ/ from /̬g̊xʰ/ by writing the former as ⟨g-xʰ⟩ and the latter as ⟨gxʰ⟩.
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| == Syntax ==
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| Daekuu has a default word order of VSO, but it can change to SOV, SVO, and OSV.
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| === Super Topics ===
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| Using SOV makes the subject a "super topic." Super topics are noun( phrase)s that are so central to the sentence that it is ungrammatical and confusing to respond by talking about a different part of the sentence. Using OSV makes the object a super topic.
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| SVO also makes the subject as a super topic, but because the object is closer to the end of the sentence, the speaker may talk about the object in a following sentence. When the object is the super topic, the subject may still be talked about in the next sentence, without it being after the verb.
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| === Noun Phrases ===
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| === Verb Phrases ===
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| === Relative Clauses ===
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| Relative clauses are always structured in OSV. Relative clauses follow the relative pronoun and precede the ''case'' of the noun they apply to.
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| === Clause Descriptors ===
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| == Morphology ==
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| == Lexicon ==
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| == Translations ==
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| [[Category:Language]]
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