Sheikah language: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Consonants
|+Consonants
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" |Bilabial
! colspan="2" |Bilabial
! colspan="3" |Alveolar
! colspan="2" |Alveolar
! colspan="2" |Postalveolar
! colspan="2" |Postalveolar
!Palatal
!Palatal
! colspan="3" |Velar-Uvular
! colspan="2" |Velar-Uvular
|-
|-
!asp
!unv
!unv
!v
!v
!asp
!unv
!unv
!v
!v
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!v
!v
!
!
!asp
!unv
!unv
!v
!v
|-
|-
!Plosive
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
|/pʰ/
!
|/p/
|/p/
|/b/
|/b/
|/tʰ/
|/t/
|/t/
|/d/
|/d/
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|
|
|
|
|/kʰ/
|/k/
|/k/
|/g/
|/g/
|-
|-
!Nasal
!Gem.
|
|
|/tː/
|
|
|
|
|
|/kː/
|/gː/
|-
! rowspan="2" |Nasal
!
|
|
|/m/
|/m/
|
|
|
|/n/
|/n/
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|
|
|
|
|(ŋ)
|-
|-
!Fricative
!Gem.
|
|
|
|
|
|/nː/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
!
|
|
|
|
|/s/
|/s/
| rowspan="2" |/(d)z/
|/z/
|/ʃ/
|/ʃ/
| rowspan="2" |/(d)ʒ/
|/ʒ/
|(ɕ)
|/ɕ/
|
|/x/
|/x/
|
|
|-
|-
!Affricate
!Gem.
|
|
|
|/zː/
|
|/ʒː/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Affricate
!
|
|
|
|
|/ts/
|/ts/
|
|/tʃ/
|/tʃ/
|(tɕ)
|
|
|/tɕ/
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Liquid
!Gem.
|
|
|
|
|/tːʃ/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Liquid
!
|
|
|
|
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|/l/
|/l/
|
|
|/ɻ/ ⟨r⟩
|/ɾ/
|/j/
|/ʝ/
|/w/
|
|-
|'''Gem.'''
|
|
|
|
|
|/rː/
|
|
|
|/w/
|
|
|}
|}
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|'''Close'''
|'''Close'''
|/i/
|/i/
|/iː/
|
|ʉ
|ʉ
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|'''Mid'''
|'''Close-Mid'''
|/e/
|/e/
|/eː/
|/eː/
|/ɘ/
|
|/o/
|/o/
|/oː/
|/oː/
|-
|'''Open-Mid'''
|
|/ɛː/
|
|
|/ɔː/
|-
|-
|'''Open'''
|'''Open'''
|/a/
|/aː/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|/ɑ/
|/ɑː/
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 139: Line 190:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Translt. !! Pronunciation
! Rom. !! Pronunciation
!Kyawcenni
!Sheikah name
!Kyawcenni evolution
|-
|-
| A || /ɑ/
| a || /a/
|/a/
[ə] (word-final)
|Akh Va’quot
|Ahko Bwaqyoc
|-
|-
|AA
|aa
|/ɑː/
|/aː/
|/ɔː/ <au>
|Kaam Ya’tak
|Kaum Yaxtah
|-
|-
|AW
|ae
|/aʊ/
|/ae/
|/aji/ <ayi>
|Ta’loh Naeg
|Taxlo Naying
|-
|ai
|/ɛː/
|/ɛː/
/aj/ (word-initial)
|Ja Baij
|Ja Baij
|-
|-
|AY
| ao || /ao/
|/ai/
|/awɔ/ <awo>
|Hila Rao
|Hila Rawo
|-
|-
| B || /b/
| au || /ɔː/
|/ɔː/
/aw/ (word-initial)
|Katosa Aug
|Katosa Awng
|-
|-
| C || /ts/
|b
|/b/
|
|Bosh Kala
|Boš Kala
|-
|-
| D || /d/
|cc
|/tːʃ/
|/ʃtʃ(i)/ <šč(i)>
|Rucco Maag
|Ruščo Maung
|-
|-
| E || /e/
|ch
|/tʃ/
|/tʃ/ <č>
|Chaas Qeta
|Čaus Qeta
|-
|-
|EE
|d
|/d/
|
|Dah Kaso
|Dah Kaso
|-
| e || /e/
|/ɛ/
|Etsu Korima
|Ecu Korima
|-
|ee
|/eː/
|/eː/
|/eː/ <ê>
|Bareeda Naag
|Barêda Naung
|-
|f
|/f/
|/pw/ <pw>
|Soh Kofi
|Soh Kopwi
|-
|-
|EW
|g
|/eo/
|/g/
|/g/ (onset)
/ŋ/ (coda)
|Kam Urog
|Kam Wurong
|-
|gg<ref name=":0"><gh> and <kh> are only used at the end of a word while following the vowels /a/, /a:/, /ɛː/ and /ɔː/. In all other cases, <gg> and <kk> are used respectively.</ref>
|/gː/
|/ŋg(ɔ)/ <ng(o)>
|Mogg Latan
|Mongo Latan
|-
|gh<ref name=":0" />
|/gː/
|/ŋg(ɔ)/ <ng(o)>
|Goma Asaagh
|Goma Asaungo
|-
|h
|/x/
|/χ/
[ʁ] between voiced phonemes
|Hawa Koth
|Hawa Koc
|-
|-
|EY
|i
|/ei/
|/i/
|/i/ <nowiki><i></nowiki>
/ji/ <yi> (word-initial)
|Ishto Soh
|Išto Soh
|-
|-
| F || /pw/
|j
|/ʒ/
|[dʒ] (onset)
[ʒ] (coda)
|Joloo Nah
|Jolô Nah
|-
|-
| G || /ɡ/ (onset)
|jj
/ŋ/ (coda)
|/ʒː/
|/ʒdʒ(i)/ <jj(i)>
|Kuhn Sidajj
|Kuhna Sidajji
|-
|-
| H || /x/
|k
|/k/
|/k/ (onset)
/χ/ (coda)
|Kah Mael
|Kah Mayiw
|-
|-
| I || /ɘ/
|kh<ref name=":0" />
|/kː/
|/χk(ɔ)/ <hk(o)>
|Akh Va’quot
|Ahko Bwaxqyoc
|-
|-
|IY
|kk<ref name=":0" />
|/ɘi/
|/kː/
|/χk(ɔ)/ <hk(o)>
|Kuh Takkar
|Kuh Tahkar
|-
|-
| J || /ʒ/
|l
|/l/
|/l/ (onset)
/w/ (coda)
|Lakna Rokee
|Lahna Rokê
|-
|-
| K || /k/
|m
|/m/
|
|Myahm Agana
|Myahma Agana
|-
|-
|KI
|n
|/kʰ/
|/n/
|
|Ne’ez Yohma
|Nexez Yohma
|-
|-
| L || /l/
|nn
|/nː/
|/n/ <n>
/na/ <na> (word-final)
|Lanno Kooh
|Lano Kôh
|-
|-
| M || /m/
|o
|/o/
|/ɔ/
|Oman Au
|Oman Aw
|-
|-
| N || /n/
|oa
|/oɐ/
|/ɔwa/ <owa>
|Tahno Oah
|Tahno Owah
|-
|-
|NG
| oo || /oː/
|/ŋg/
|/oː/ <ô>
|Rota Ooh
|Rota Ôh
|-
|-
| O || /o/
|p
|/p/
|
|Pumaag Nitae
|Pumaung Nitayi
|-
|-
|OO
|q
|/oː/
|/tɕ/
|/cç/
|Qaza Tokki
|Qaza Tohki
|-
|-
|OU
|qu
|/wʉ/
|/tɕj/
|/cçj/ <qy>
|Qua Raym
|Qya Raym
|-
|-
| P || /p/
|r
|/ɾ/
|/ɻ/
|Rin Oyaa
|Rin Oyau
|-
|-
|PI
|rr
|/pʰ/
|/rː/
|/ɻ/ <r>
/ɻa/ <ra> (word-final)
|Gorae Torr
|Gorayi Tora
|-
|-
| Q || /tʃ/
|s
/tɕ/ before front vowels
|/s/
|
|Sasa Kai
|Sasa Kai
|-
|-
| R || /r/
|sh
|/ʃ/
|/ʃ/ <š>
|Shee Venath
|Šê Bwenac
|-
|-
| S || /s/
|t
|/t/
|/t/ (onset)
/ts/ (coda)
|Toh Yahsa
|Toh Yahsa
|-
|-
| T || /t/
|th<ref name=":1"><ts> is only used before the front vowels /i/ and /ʉ/. In all other cases, <nowiki><th> is used for /ts/.</nowiki></ref>
|/ts/
|/ts/ <c>
|Tho Kayu
|Co Kayu
|-
|-
| TI || /tʰ/
|ts<ref name=":1" />
|/ts/
|/ts/ <c>
|Tutsuwa Nima
|Tucuwa Nima
|-
|-
| U || /ʉ/
|tt
|/tː/
|/sts(a)/ <sc(a)>
|Wahgo Katta
|Wahgo Kasca
|-
|-
| V || /ɱ/
| u || /ʉ/
|/y/ <nowiki><u></nowiki>
/wy/ <wu> (word-initial)
|Shai Utoh
|Šai Wutoh
|-
|-
| W || /o/
|v
/w/ before vowels
|/v/
|/bw/ <bw>
|Voo Lota
|Bwô Lota
|-
|-
|WU
|w
|/oʉ/
|/w/
|
|Wahgo Katta
|Wahgo Kasca
|-
|-
| X || /ʃ/
| ’ || /h/
/ɕ/ before front vowels
|/ç/ <x>
|Ta’loh Naeg
|Taxloh Naying
|-
|-
| Y || /i/, /j/ before vowels
|y
|/ʝ/
|
|Yah Rin
|Yah Rin
|-
|-
|YW
|z
|/iw/
|/z/
|[dz] (onset)
[z] (coda)
|Zuna Kai
|Zuna Kai
|-
|-
| Z || /z/
|zz
|/zː/
|/zdz(a)/ <zz(a)>
|Mezza Lo
|Mezza Lo
|}
|}


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''TBC''
''TBC''


==Evolution to Kyawcenni==
== Evolution to Kyawcenni ==
Sometimes <a> is added at the end of a word to solve consonant clusters.


# x > χ
ɛɾ, ɛrː > ɚ
# ɘi > ɪj
# ɘ > i
# i > ɪj /_#
# ɱ > mw
# ʉ > y
# r > ɻ
# e > ɛː /_{tʰ,kʰ,pʰ}
# o > ɔː /_{tʰ,kʰ,pʰ}
# tʰ,kʰ,pʰ > t,k,p
# ɑ,ɑː > a,aː
# e,o > eː,oː /_{r,l}
# e,o > ɛ,ɔ
# l > w /_#, C_V, V_C
# tɕ,ɕ > cç,ç


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 22:58, 16 March 2025

The Sheikah language is said to be the predecessor to the Kyawcennic languages.

Phonology

Consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velar-Uvular
unv v unv v unv v unv v
Plosive /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
Gem. /tː/ /kː/ /gː/
Nasal /m/ /n/
Gem. /nː/
Fricative /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /ɕ/ /x/
Gem. /zː/ /ʒː/
Affricate /ts/ /tʃ/ /tɕ/
Gem. /tːʃ/
Liquid /l/ /ɾ/ /ʝ/ /w/
Gem. /rː/
Vowels
Front Central Back
Short Long Short Long
Close /i/ ʉ
Close-Mid /e/ /eː/ /o/ /oː/
Open-Mid /ɛː/ /ɔː/
Open /a/ /aː/
Diphthongs
/aʊ/ /ai/ /eo/ /ei/ /iu/ /oʉ/

Orthography

Rom. Pronunciation Kyawcenni Sheikah name Kyawcenni evolution
a /a/ /a/

[ə] (word-final)

Akh Va’quot Ahko Bwaqyoc
aa /aː/ /ɔː/ <au> Kaam Ya’tak Kaum Yaxtah
ae /ae/ /aji/ <ayi> Ta’loh Naeg Taxlo Naying
ai /ɛː/ /ɛː/

/aj/ (word-initial)

Ja Baij Ja Baij
ao /ao/ /awɔ/ <awo> Hila Rao Hila Rawo
au /ɔː/ /ɔː/

/aw/ (word-initial)

Katosa Aug Katosa Awng
b /b/ Bosh Kala Boš Kala
cc /tːʃ/ /ʃtʃ(i)/ <šč(i)> Rucco Maag Ruščo Maung
ch /tʃ/ /tʃ/ <č> Chaas Qeta Čaus Qeta
d /d/ Dah Kaso Dah Kaso
e /e/ /ɛ/ Etsu Korima Ecu Korima
ee /eː/ /eː/ <ê> Bareeda Naag Barêda Naung
f /f/ /pw/ <pw> Soh Kofi Soh Kopwi
g /g/ /g/ (onset)

/ŋ/ (coda)

Kam Urog Kam Wurong
gg[1] /gː/ /ŋg(ɔ)/ <ng(o)> Mogg Latan Mongo Latan
gh[1] /gː/ /ŋg(ɔ)/ <ng(o)> Goma Asaagh Goma Asaungo
h /x/ /χ/

[ʁ] between voiced phonemes

Hawa Koth Hawa Koc
i /i/ /i/ <i>

/ji/ <yi> (word-initial)

Ishto Soh Išto Soh
j /ʒ/ [dʒ] (onset)

[ʒ] (coda)

Joloo Nah Jolô Nah
jj /ʒː/ /ʒdʒ(i)/ <jj(i)> Kuhn Sidajj Kuhna Sidajji
k /k/ /k/ (onset)

/χ/ (coda)

Kah Mael Kah Mayiw
kh[1] /kː/ /χk(ɔ)/ <hk(o)> Akh Va’quot Ahko Bwaxqyoc
kk[1] /kː/ /χk(ɔ)/ <hk(o)> Kuh Takkar Kuh Tahkar
l /l/ /l/ (onset)

/w/ (coda)

Lakna Rokee Lahna Rokê
m /m/ Myahm Agana Myahma Agana
n /n/ Ne’ez Yohma Nexez Yohma
nn /nː/ /n/ <n>

/na/ <na> (word-final)

Lanno Kooh Lano Kôh
o /o/ /ɔ/ Oman Au Oman Aw
oa /oɐ/ /ɔwa/ <owa> Tahno Oah Tahno Owah
oo /oː/ /oː/ <ô> Rota Ooh Rota Ôh
p /p/ Pumaag Nitae Pumaung Nitayi
q /tɕ/ /cç/ Qaza Tokki Qaza Tohki
qu /tɕj/ /cçj/ <qy> Qua Raym Qya Raym
r /ɾ/ /ɻ/ Rin Oyaa Rin Oyau
rr /rː/ /ɻ/ <r>

/ɻa/ <ra> (word-final)

Gorae Torr Gorayi Tora
s /s/ Sasa Kai Sasa Kai
sh /ʃ/ /ʃ/ <š> Shee Venath Šê Bwenac
t /t/ /t/ (onset)

/ts/ (coda)

Toh Yahsa Toh Yahsa
th[2] /ts/ /ts/ <c> Tho Kayu Co Kayu
ts[2] /ts/ /ts/ <c> Tutsuwa Nima Tucuwa Nima
tt /tː/ /sts(a)/ <sc(a)> Wahgo Katta Wahgo Kasca
u /ʉ/ /y/ <u>

/wy/ <wu> (word-initial)

Shai Utoh Šai Wutoh
v /v/ /bw/ <bw> Voo Lota Bwô Lota
w /w/ Wahgo Katta Wahgo Kasca
’ /h/ /ç/ <x> Ta’loh Naeg Taxloh Naying
y /ʝ/ Yah Rin Yah Rin
z /z/ [dz] (onset)

[z] (coda)

Zuna Kai Zuna Kai
zz /zː/ /zdz(a)/ <zz(a)> Mezza Lo Mezza Lo

Grammar

TBC

Evolution to Kyawcenni

Sometimes <a> is added at the end of a word to solve consonant clusters.

ɛɾ, ɛrː > ɚ

See also

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 <gh> and <kh> are only used at the end of a word while following the vowels /a/, /a:/, /ɛː/ and /ɔː/. In all other cases, <gg> and <kk> are used respectively.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 <ts> is only used before the front vowels /i/ and /ʉ/. In all other cases, <th> is used for /ts/.
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