Syltanennie: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! Labial !! Labio-Dental !! Dental | ! !! Labial !! Labio-Dental !! Dental !! Palatal !! Velar !! Uvular | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Plosive || p b || || t d || c ɟ || k g || | | Plosive || p b || || t d || c ɟ || k g || | ||
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| Sibilant Fric. || || || s z || ɕ ʑ || || | | Sibilant Fric. || || || s z || ɕ ʑ || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Non-sibilant Fric. || || f v || θ ð || ç || || | | Non-sibilant Fric. || || f v || θ ð || ç || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nasal || m || || n || ɲ || || | | Nasal || m || || n || ɲ || || | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
| Lateral || || || l || || || | | Lateral || || || l || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Approximate || || || || j || w || | | Approximate || || || || j || w || ʁ | ||
|} | |} | ||
The dentals are dental-apical. | |||
Although /ʁ/ is shown to be an approximate for phonological reasons, it is pronounced as a uvular fricative. | |||
/θ/ and /ç/ are often voiced when intervocalic and neither of the vowels are stressed. /ç/ may even merge with /j/ in such cases. | /θ/ and /ç/ are often voiced when intervocalic and neither of the vowels are stressed. /ç/ may even merge with /j/ in such cases. | ||
/ð/ is very rare word-initially and is often exists just an allophonic voiced /θ/. However, loan words | /ð/ is very rare word-initially and is often exists just an allophonic voiced /θ/. However, loan words plus the prefixation and voicing of the definite article /ðɪ/ have introduced a few minimal pairs, making /ð/ a marginal phoneme. | ||
/j/ and /w/ are both realized as [ɥ] when they precede /uː/ and /iː/ respectively. | /j/ and /w/ are both realized as [ɥ] when they precede /uː/ and /iː/ respectively. | ||
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When back vowels precede palatals, they tend to become fronted, as the following:<br> | When back vowels precede palatals, they tend to become fronted, as the following:<br> | ||
/ɯː/ to [ɨː]<br> | * /ɯː/ to [ɨː]<br> | ||
/uː/ to [ʉː]<br> | * /uː/ to [ʉː]<br> | ||
/ɯ̽/ to [ɘ̝]<br> | * /ɯ̽/ to [ɘ̝]<br> | ||
/ʊ/ to [ɵ̝]<br> | * /ʊ/ to [ɵ̝]<br> | ||
/oː/ to [ɵː~øː]<br> | * /oː/ to [ɵː~øː]<br> | ||
/ɔ/ to [ɞ~œ]<br> | * /ɔ/ to [ɞ~œ]<br> | ||
/ɔ̃ː/ to [œ̃ː]<br> | * /ɔ̃ː/ to [œ̃ː]<br> | ||
/a/ to [æ]<br> | * /a/ to [æ]<br> | ||
/ɑ̃ː/ to [ʌ̃ː]<br> | * /ɑ̃ː/ to [ʌ̃ː]<br> | ||
=== Syllable Structure === | |||
'''(C)(L)V''' *Generally | |||
* Any consonant can start a syllable.<br> | |||
* V can be any vowel.<br> | |||
* C + L can be any non-palatal obstruent (stops and fricatives) + liquid (laterals and approximates) respectively.<br> | |||
* More complex syllables can come about through contracted words and constructions: most notably, /ʁ/ + (/j/ or /w/) only exists in contracted constructions and not in any root.<br> | |||
* Word-internal clusters can be either: | |||
** (/ʁ/ or /l/) + any obstruent (stops and fricatives), or | |||
** Two fricatives that agree in voicing, the preceding fricative cannot be palatal, the proceeding fricative can be any fricative. | |||
[[Category:Language]] | [[Category:Language]] | ||
Revision as of 19:59, 13 May 2024
Syltanennie /ɕʏlteːnɛɲə/ is one of the official languages of Svendie, a region of Leporia.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Labio-Dental | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t d | c ɟ | k g | ||
| Sibilant Fric. | s z | ɕ ʑ | ||||
| Non-sibilant Fric. | f v | θ ð | ç | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Approximate | j | w | ʁ |
The dentals are dental-apical.
Although /ʁ/ is shown to be an approximate for phonological reasons, it is pronounced as a uvular fricative.
/θ/ and /ç/ are often voiced when intervocalic and neither of the vowels are stressed. /ç/ may even merge with /j/ in such cases.
/ð/ is very rare word-initially and is often exists just an allophonic voiced /θ/. However, loan words plus the prefixation and voicing of the definite article /ðɪ/ have introduced a few minimal pairs, making /ð/ a marginal phoneme.
/j/ and /w/ are both realized as [ɥ] when they precede /uː/ and /iː/ respectively.
Vowles
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | iː yː | ɯː uː | |
| Near-High | ɪ ʏ | ɯ̽ ʊ | |
| Mid-High | eː | oː | |
| Middle | ə | ||
| Mid-Low | ɛ ɛ̃ː | ɔ ɔ̃ː | |
| Low | a | ɑ̃ː |
/ə/ only exists in word-final positions in polysyllabic words and is often extra-short [ə̆]. However, other vowels can also exist in the position so it is a marginal phoneme.
When back vowels precede palatals, they tend to become fronted, as the following:
- /ɯː/ to [ɨː]
- /uː/ to [ʉː]
- /ɯ̽/ to [ɘ̝]
- /ʊ/ to [ɵ̝]
- /oː/ to [ɵː~øː]
- /ɔ/ to [ɞ~œ]
- /ɔ̃ː/ to [œ̃ː]
- /a/ to [æ]
- /ɑ̃ː/ to [ʌ̃ː]
Syllable Structure
(C)(L)V *Generally
- Any consonant can start a syllable.
- V can be any vowel.
- C + L can be any non-palatal obstruent (stops and fricatives) + liquid (laterals and approximates) respectively.
- More complex syllables can come about through contracted words and constructions: most notably, /ʁ/ + (/j/ or /w/) only exists in contracted constructions and not in any root.
- Word-internal clusters can be either:
- (/ʁ/ or /l/) + any obstruent (stops and fricatives), or
- Two fricatives that agree in voicing, the preceding fricative cannot be palatal, the proceeding fricative can be any fricative.