Interastral Standard Alphabet
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The Interastral Standard Alphabet is an alphabet of the Haltzeonian family. The script has been in use for several centuries, being created in the 41st century of Kardonian history and officially adopted a few decades later (approximately 1500 years prior to the present).
It is the script used for every Kardonian language.
Letters
Some of these letters are used to represent various phonemes, owing to historic sound changes. For example, in Haltzeonian, the last four vowel letters don't have phonemes associated with them, but in particular , which was used for /ɨ/, is used on occasion.
Nasal vowels are consistently written as clusters of an oral vowel's letter + ng, like .
Often, pairs of letters are ligated or stacked. This is particularly true of common letter pairs, for example, the clusters . However, in Nguhcraft, text rendering is stupid, so stacks do not occur.
| Phoneme | Interastral Standard | Romanization | Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| m | | m | maq metá |
| n | | n | naq |
| ɲ | | nh | nhaq |
| ŋ | | ng | ngaq |
| p | | b | baq |
| pʰ | | p | paq |
| pʼ | | p' | p'aq |
| t | | d | daq |
| tʰ | | t | taq |
| tʼ | | t' | t'aq |
| t͡ʃ | | j | jaq |
| t͡ʃʰ | | c | caq |
| t͡ʃʼ | | c' | c'aq |
| k | | g | gaq |
| kʰ | | k | kaq |
| kʼ | | k' | k'aq |
| q | | ɂ | ɂaq |
| qʰ | | q | aq |
| qʼ | | q' | q'aq |
| s | | s | saq |
| z | | z | zaq |
| ɫ | | l | laq |
| ð | | rr | arr |
| j | | y | yaq |
| ʎ | | lh | lhaq |
| w | | w | waq |
| r | | r | raq |
| i | | i | i |
| u | | u | u |
| e | | e | e |
| ə | | eo | eo |
| o | | o | o |
| ɛ | | ae | ae |
| ɔ | | ao | ao |
| ɐ | | a | a |
| y | | iu | iu |
| ɯ | | ui | ui |
| ʌ | | io | io |
| ø | | ue | ue |
Numerals
The KISA does not have unique numerals. Instead, seventeen letters of the alphabet are used: . Kardonian languages also count in octal, because most Kardonians have eight fingers.
Numbers start with a number sign , though units will replace this sign, such as the lhõnan sign . Most units are succeeded by before the number begins. The letters mean, in order, the whole numbers 0 through 16. Numerals are written in pairs, and the numbers 9-16, though not technically required, are used to reduce the size of the number. Other than 0, which uses the first letter of the word Template:Hltz-term, these are also the first letters of the alphabet.
For numbers 4096 and above, an interpunct is placed before the clump, then the number of 4096^n is written for each clump. is used as the octal point, with digits after it being for negative powers of 8.
For an example that combines all of these, 21,4508 is written as .
Punctuation
Kardonian's punctuation is somewhat similar to Latin. Phrases are connected with . Sentences end with . Notably, though, paragraphs end with a double stop . There is also a question mark, used in place of the sentence end punctuation or the first line of the paragraph end punctuation: .
Kardonian also has brackets which are used to set aside clarifying information, and a "semicomma" used in enumerating a list, including one's address as that functionally is a list of places that your home is in. For example, 1 Ironwood Road, Kriseon City, New Maeksikeo, Nguhcraft[1] is written as Zuirraegtzya Ngaostae, #1, Griseuenkanh, Aewal Maeksikeo, Ngeoth. Note that normally, a space is not included after the semicomma, or any punctuation except the four variations of sentence end; they've been added to this list for readability.
- ↑ The address of the Kriseon Central Mall.