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==Attestation== | ==Attestation== | ||
Its writing is attested in [[Ŋearth]]ling conversation logs, but only the writing is attested. Because this writing system appears to be logographic, Nguhcordian is still considered to be a reconstructed language. | Its writing is attested in [[Ŋearth]]ling conversation logs, but only the writing is attested. Because this writing system appears to be logographic, Nguhcordian is still considered to be a reconstructed language. | ||
===Known glyphs=== | |||
{| class="wikitable nowrap" | |||
|- | |||
! Glyph | |||
! Name | |||
! Definition | |||
! Glyph | |||
! Name | |||
! Definition | |||
|- | |||
| {{gold nguh}} | |||
| Gold Nguh | |||
| good, funny, godly, cursed | |||
| {{hotspot}} | |||
| Hotspot | |||
| cursed, logick | |||
|- | |||
| {{coldspot}} | |||
| Coldspot | |||
| terrible, bad, shitty, politics | |||
|} | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
This phonology is pure fact{{citation needed}}, reconstructed through painstaking effort{{citation needed}} by Proto-Protogen scholar{{citation needed}} {{galaxysys|Youmu|Youmu Hanahaki}}{{citation needed}}. | This phonology is pure fact{{citation needed}}, reconstructed through painstaking effort{{citation needed}} by Proto-Protogen scholar{{citation needed}} {{galaxysys|Youmu|Youmu Hanahaki}}{{citation needed}}. | ||
{| class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|IPA-common-audiotable}} {{{tableclass|}}}" style="{{{tablestyle|}}}" | {| class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|IPA-common-audiotable}} {{{tableclass|}}}" style="{{{tablestyle|}}}" | ||
! scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow" | | ! scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow" | {{wp|Place of articulation|Place}} → | ||
! scope="col" colspan="5" | | ! scope="col" colspan="5" | {{wp|Labial consonant|Labial}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="10" | | ! scope="col" colspan="10" | {{wp|Coronal consonant|Coronal}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="5" | | ! scope="col" colspan="5" | {{wp|Dorsal consonant|Dorsal}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="6" | | ! scope="col" colspan="6" | {{wp|Laryngeal consonant|Laryngeal}} | ||
|- class="wrap wraplinks" | |- class="wrap wraplinks" | ||
! scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow" | | ! scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow" | {{wp|Manner of articulation|Manner}} ↓ | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Bi consonant|Bi{{shy}}labial}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Labio consonant|Labio{{shy}}dental}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Linguo consonant|Linguo{{shy}}labial}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Dental consonant|Dental}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Alveolar consonant|Alveolar}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Post consonant|Post{{shy}}alveolar}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Retro consonant|Retro{{shy}}flex}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Palatal consonant|Palatal}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Velar consonant|Velar}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Uvular consonant|Uvular}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyn{{shy}}geal/epi{{shy}}glottal}} | ||
! scope="col" colspan="2" | | ! scope="col" colspan="2" | {{wp|Glottal consonant|Glottal}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | | ! scope="row" | {{wp|Nasal stop|Nasal}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|m̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|m}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɱ̊}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɱ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|n̼}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|n̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|n}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɳ̊}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɳ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɲ̊}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɲ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ŋ̊}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ŋ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɴ̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɴ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
Line 59: | Line 80: | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | | ! scope="row" | {{wp|Plosive}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|p}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|b}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|p̪}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|b̪}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|t̼}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|d̼}} | ||
| {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|t̪}}}} | | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|t̪}}}} | ||
| {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|d̪}}}} | | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|d̪}}}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|t}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|d}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʈ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɖ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|c}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɟ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|k}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɡ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|q}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɢ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʡ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʔ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
{{#if:{{{affricates|yes}}}| | {{#if:{{{affricates|yes}}}| | ||
{{!}}- | {{!}}- | ||
! scope="row" {{!}} | ! scope="row" {{!}} {{wp|Sibilant}} {{wp|affricate}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | {{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | {{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | ||
Line 95: | Line 116: | ||
{{!}} {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|t̪s̪}}}} | {{!}} {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|t̪s̪}}}} | ||
{{!}} {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|d̪z̪}}}} | {{!}} {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|d̪z̪}}}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ts}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-rightborder" {{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} class="IPA-common-rightborder" {{!}} {{IPA link|dz}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-leftborder" {{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} class="IPA-common-leftborder" {{!}} {{IPA link|t̠ʃ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|d̠ʒ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|tʂ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|dʐ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|tɕ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|dʑ}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | {{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | {{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | ||
Line 113: | Line 134: | ||
{{!}}- | {{!}}- | ||
! scope="row" {{!}} Non-sibilant affricate | ! scope="row" {{!}} Non-sibilant affricate | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|pɸ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|bβ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|p̪f}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|b̪v}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|t̪θ}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-rightborder" {{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} class="IPA-common-rightborder" {{!}} {{IPA link|d̪ð}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-leftborder" {{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} class="IPA-common-leftborder" {{!}} {{IPA link|tɹ̝̊}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-rightborder" {{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} class="IPA-common-rightborder" {{!}} {{IPA link|dɹ̝}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-leftborder" {{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} class="IPA-common-leftborder" {{!}} {{IPA link|t̠ɹ̠̊˔}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|d̠ɹ̠˔}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|cç}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ɟʝ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|kx}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ɡɣ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|qχ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ɢʁ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ʡʜ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ʡʢ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ʔh}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | Sibilant | ! scope="row" | Sibilant {{wp|fricative}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
Line 148: | Line 169: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|s}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-rightborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-rightborder" | {{IPA link|z}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-leftborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-leftborder" | {{IPA link|ʃ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʒ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʂ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʐ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɕ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʑ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
Line 166: | Line 187: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | Non-sibilant fricative | ! scope="row" | Non-sibilant fricative | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɸ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|β}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|f}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|v}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|θ̼}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|ð̼}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|θ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|ð}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-leftborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-leftborder" | {{IPA link|θ̠}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-rightborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-rightborder" | {{IPA link|ð̠}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-leftborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-leftborder" | {{IPA link|ɹ̠̊˔}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɹ̠˔}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɻ̊˔}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɻ˔}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ç}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʝ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|x}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɣ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|χ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|ʁ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|ħ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|ʕ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|h}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-nobottomborder" | {{IPA link|ɦ}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | | ! scope="row" | {{wp|Approximant}} | ||
| | | | ||
| class="IPA-common-notopborder" | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|β̞}}}} | | class="IPA-common-notopborder" | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|β̞}}}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʋ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | | class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | ||
Line 201: | Line 222: | ||
| class=" IPA-common-notopborder" | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|ð̞}}}} | | class=" IPA-common-notopborder" | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|ð̞}}}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɹ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|ɹ̠}}}} | | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|ɹ̠}}}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɻ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|j}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɰ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | class="IPA-common-notopborder" | {{IPA link|ʁ̞}} | ||
| | | | ||
| class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | | class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | | class="IPA-common-notopborder" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-notopborder" | {{IPA | | class="IPA-common-notopborder" | {{IPA link|ʔ̞}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | | ! scope="row" | {{wp|Tap and flap consonants|Tap/flap}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ⱱ̟}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ⱱ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɾ̼}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɾ̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɾ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɽ̊}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɽ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 237: | Line 258: | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɢ̆}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʡ̆}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | | ! scope="row" | {{wp|Trill consonant|Trill}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʙ̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʙ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 252: | Line 273: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|r̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|r}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|r̠}}}} | | {{#if:{{{audio|}}}|{{IPA common/audiocell|r̠}}}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɽ̊r̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɽr}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʀ̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʀ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʜ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʢ}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
{{#if:{{{affricates|yes}}}| | {{#if:{{{affricates|yes}}}| | ||
{{!}}- | {{!}}- | ||
! scope="row" {{!}} | ! scope="row" {{!}} {{wp|Lateral consonant|Lateral}} affricate | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | {{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | ||
{{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | {{!}} class="IPA-common-shaded" {{!}} | ||
Line 279: | Line 300: | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|tɬ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|dɮ}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|tꞎ}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|d𝼅}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|c𝼆}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ɟʎ̝}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|k𝼄}} | ||
{{!}} {{IPA | {{!}} {{IPA link|ɡʟ̝}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
{{!}} | {{!}} | ||
Line 306: | Line 327: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɬ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɮ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ꞎ}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|𝼅}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|𝼆}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʎ̝}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|𝼄}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʟ̝}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 331: | Line 352: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA link|l̪}} | |||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|l}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA link|l̠}} | |||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɭ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʎ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʟ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʟ̠}} | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
Line 358: | Line 379: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɺ̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ɺ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|𝼈̥}} | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|𝼈}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʎ̆}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA | | {{IPA link|ʟ̆}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 374: | Line 395: | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
| class="IPA-common-shaded" | | | class="IPA-common-shaded" | | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Language]] | |||
Latest revision as of 02:57, 10 December 2024
Nguhcordian * ![]() ![]() | |
---|---|
Language family | Humoric |
Official status | |
Speaker | |
Number of speakers | ⩽1,926 |
Technical information | |
Language code | PŊƏ |
Nguhcordian (Nguhcordian: *) is a reconstructed Humoric proto-language. It appears to be the ancestor of Proto-Protogen, and a sister language to 21st Century Humorese.
Attestation
Its writing is attested in Ŋearthling conversation logs, but only the writing is attested. Because this writing system appears to be logographic, Nguhcordian is still considered to be a reconstructed language.
Known glyphs
Glyph | Name | Definition | Glyph | Name | Definition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Gold Nguh | good, funny, godly, cursed | ![]() |
Hotspot | cursed, logick |
![]() |
Coldspot | terrible, bad, shitty, politics |
Phonology
This phonology is pure fact[citation needed], reconstructed through painstaking effort[citation needed] by Proto-Protogen scholar[citation needed] Youmu Hanahaki[citation needed].
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner ↓ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal/epiglottal | Glottal | ||||||||||||||
Nasal | m̥ | m | ɱ̊ | ɱ | n̼ | n̥ | n | ɳ̊ | ɳ | ɲ̊ | ɲ | ŋ̊ | ŋ | ɴ̥ | ɴ | |||||||||||
Plosive | p | b | p̪ | b̪ | t̼ | d̼ | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʡ | ʔ | ||||||||
Sibilant affricate | ts | dz | t̠ʃ | d̠ʒ | tʂ | dʐ | tɕ | dʑ | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | pɸ | bβ | p̪f | b̪v | t̪θ | d̪ð | tɹ̝̊ | dɹ̝ | t̠ɹ̠̊˔ | d̠ɹ̠˔ | cç | ɟʝ | kx | ɡɣ | qχ | ɢʁ | ʡʜ | ʡʢ | ʔh | |||||||
Sibilant fricative | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ɕ | ʑ | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | ɸ | β | f | v | θ̼ | ð̼ | θ | ð | θ̠ | ð̠ | ɹ̠̊˔ | ɹ̠˔ | ɻ̊˔ | ɻ˔ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | ħ | ʕ | h | ɦ | ||
Approximant | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | ɰ | ʁ̞ | ʔ̞ | |||||||||||||||||||
Tap/flap | ⱱ̟ | ⱱ | ɾ̼ | ɾ̥ | ɾ | ɽ̊ | ɽ | ɢ̆ | ʡ̆ | |||||||||||||||||
Trill | ʙ̥ | ʙ | r̥ | r | ɽ̊r̥ | ɽr | ʀ̥ | ʀ | ʜ | ʢ | ||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | tɬ | dɮ | tꞎ | d𝼅 | c𝼆 | ɟʎ̝ | k𝼄 | ɡʟ̝ | ||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ɬ | ɮ | ꞎ | 𝼅 | 𝼆 | ʎ̝ | 𝼄 | ʟ̝ | ||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | l̪ | l | l̠ | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ | ʟ̠ | |||||||||||||||||||
Lateral tap/flap | ɺ̥ | ɺ | 𝼈̥ | 𝼈 | ʎ̆ | ʟ̆ |