Nllhaa: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- align="center" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Labial ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Dental ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Alveolar ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Palato-alveolar ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Velar ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Uvular ! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Glottal |- !IPA !Rom !IPA !Rom !IPA !Rom !IPA !Rom !IPA !Rom !IPA !Rom !IPA !Rom |- |- align="center" ! rowspan="3" |Nasal !Voiceless |{{ipa|m̥}} |{{ipa|'''mh'''}} |{...")
 
 
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'''Nllhaa''' {{ipa|[nɬːaː]}}, or Enlaa {{ipa|/ɛnˈlɑ/}} in [[English]], is a conlang inspired by Christmas and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_languages| Sámi languages]. It is a part of the [[Deep Dimensional]] language family.
== Phonology ==
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Labial
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Labial
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!IPA
!IPA
!Rom
!Rom
|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! rowspan="3" |Nasal
! rowspan="3" |Nasal
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|{{ipa|n̥}}
|{{ipa|n̥}}
|{{ipa|'''nh'''}}
|{{ipa|'''nh'''}}
|{{ipa|n̥ː}}
|{{ipa|n̥ː}}<ref>{{ipa|/n̥ː/}} is realized as a nareal fricative {{ipa|[n̥͋ː]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''nnh'''}}
|{{ipa|'''nnh'''}}
|
|
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Voiced
!Voiced
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Preploded
!Preploded
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! rowspan="3" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |Plosive
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Prenasalized
!Prenasalized
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Plain
!Plain
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|{{ipa|ʔ}}
|{{ipa|ʔ}}
|{{ipa|'''’'''}}
|{{ipa|'''’'''}}
|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Fricative
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Fricative
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|{{ipa|ð}}
|{{ipa|ð}}
|{{ipa|'''d'''}}
|{{ipa|'''d'''}}
|{{ipa|s}}
|{{ipa|s}}<ref>{{ipa|/s/}} is realized as a long {{ipa|[sː]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''s'''}}
|{{ipa|'''s'''}}
|{{ipa|ʑ}}
|{{ipa|ʑ}}
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|{{ipa|ɦ}}
|{{ipa|ɦ}}
|{{ipa|'''h'''}}
|{{ipa|'''h'''}}
|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! rowspan="2" |Trill
! rowspan="2" |Trill
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|
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Voiced
!Voiced
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|{{ipa|r}}
|{{ipa|r}}
|{{ipa|'''r'''}}
|{{ipa|'''r'''}}
|{{ipa|rʲ}}
|{{ipa|rʲ}}<ref>{{ipa|/rʲ/}} is realized as a fricative trill {{ipa|[r̝ʲ]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''rj'''}}
|{{ipa|'''rj'''}}
|
|
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! rowspan="3" |Lateral
! rowspan="3" |Lateral
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|
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Voiceless
!Voiceless
|
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|
|
|{{ipa|l̥}}
|{{ipa|l̥}}<ref>{{ipa|/l̥/}} is realized as a spirant approximant {{ipa|[l̥˔]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''lh'''}}
|{{ipa|'''lh'''}}
|{{ipa|ɬː}}
|{{ipa|ɬː}}
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|-
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Voiced
!Voiced
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|}
<references />If a cluster is written with the same grapheme as a phoneme, the second letter takes an overdot diacritic, or an underdot diacritic if it has an ascender.
{| class="wikitable"
!Phonemes
!Allophones
!Environment
|-
|{{ipa|v}}
|{{ipa|β}}
|{{ipa|before rounded vowels and bilabials}}
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{ipa|l̥ l r̥ r}}
|{{ipa|ʍ w ʀ̥ ʀ}}
|{{ipa|before back vowels}}
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{ipa|ᵖm ᵗn ᵗˢn ᵗȵ}}
|{{ipa|ˀm ˀn ˢn ˀȵ}}
|{{ipa|in coda}}
|-
|{{ipa|ᵐp ⁿt ⁿȶ ᵑk ᶰq}}
|{{ipa|mˀ nˀ ȵˀ ŋˀ ɴˀ}}
|{{ipa|word-initially and in coda}}
|}
=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Front
! colspan="2" |Central
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
! rowspan="1" |IPA
!Rom
! rowspan="1" |IPA
!Rom
! rowspan="1" |IPA
!Rom
|- align="center"
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" |High
!Unround
|{{ipa|i}}
|{{ipa|'''i'''}}
|{{ipa|ᵻ}}
|{{ipa|'''ï'''}}
|
|
|- align="center"
!Round
|{{ipa|y}}
|{{ipa|'''y'''}}
|{{ipa|ᵿ}}
|{{ipa|'''ü'''}}
|{{ipa|u}}
|{{ipa|'''u'''}}
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Mid
|{{ipa|e}}<ref>{{ipa|/e/}} is realized as {{ipa|[e̞]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''e'''}}
|
|
|{{ipa|o}}<ref>{{ipa|/o/}} is realized as {{ipa|[o̞]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''o'''}}
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Low
|{{ipa|ɛ}}<ref>{{ipa|/ɛ/}} is realized as {{ipa|[ɛ̞]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''ä'''}}
|{{ipa|a}}
|{{ipa|'''a'''}}
|{{ipa|ɔ}}<ref>{{ipa|/ɔ/}} is realized as {{ipa|[ɔ̞]}}</ref>
|{{ipa|'''å'''}}
|}
<references />
{| class="wikitable"
!Phonemes
!Allophones
!Environment
|- align="center"
| rowspan="1" |{{ipa|ɛ ɔ}}
|{{ipa|æ ɒ}}
|{{ipa|when stressed}}
|- align="center"
|{{ipa|ᵻ ᵿ a}}
|{{ipa|ɯ ɵ ɐ}}
|{{ipa|in coda, before a vowel, after a stressed syllable, next to a uvular, or next to a click}}
|}
== Grammar ==
== Lexicon ==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! colspan="2" |Nllhaa
! rowspan="2" |English
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
!IPA
!Rom
|-
|{{ipa|[pyl̥˔]}}
| rowspan="1" |pylh
|bed
|
|-
|{{ipa|[ɒkɣu]}}
| rowspan="1" |åkgu
|to do something
|
|-
|{{ipa|[iːȵ]}}
| rowspan="1" |iinj
|person
|
|-
|{{ipa|[r̝ʲɛ̞]}}
| rowspan="1" |rjä
|to want
|items only
|-
|{{ipa|[tɒmβu]}}
| rowspan="1" |tåmvu
|to give
|willingly
|-
|{{ipa|[ʑe̞ⁿȶ]}}
| rowspan="1" |zenc
|manner
|act of formal behavior
|-
|{{ipa|[nːað]}}
| rowspan="1" |nnad
|light
|
|-
|{{ipa|[ˀmɐᶰqɵ]}}
| rowspan="1" |pmanqü
|mess
|or ruined thing, as a result of reckless behavior
|-
|{{ipa|[ȶaɬː]}}
| rowspan="1" |callh
|reason/explanation
|
|-
|{{ipa|[al̥˔ʔi]}}
| rowspan="1" |alh’i
|celebration/party
|
|-
|{{ipa|[ȶaȵˀ]}}
| rowspan="1" |canc
|name
|Proper noun
|-
|{{ipa|[kamuː]}}
| rowspan="1" |kamuu
|moose
|
|-
|{{ipa|[qamuː]}}
| rowspan="1" |qamuu
|baby moose
|
|-
|{{ipa|[r̥i̙q]}}
| rowspan="1" |rhiq
|fire
|
|-
|{{ipa|[e̞ʔɛ̞l]}}
| rowspan="1" |e’äl
|rice
|
|-
|{{ipa|[ˀɴɒo]}}
| rowspan="1" |qnåo
|dog
|
|-
|{{ipa|[ɣaleɦ]}}
| rowspan="1" |galeh
|receive
|from an agent
|-
|{{ipa|[tæⁿt͡so]}}
| rowspan="1" |tänxo
|receive
|from no agent
|-
|{{ipa|[kiːeȵ]}}
| rowspan="1" |kiienj
|food
|prepared
|-
|{{ipa|[ʔykɛ̞]}}
| rowspan="1" |’ykä
|food
|ingredients, raw food, or potential food
|-
|{{ipa|[maʔɐr]}}
| rowspan="1" |ma’ar
|gathering
|for celebration or mourning
|-
|{{ipa|[oːᵑǁe]}}
| rowspan="1" |ool!e
|gathering
|for another reason
|-
|{{ipa|[ɐq]}}
| rowspan="1" |aq
|go toward
|for reason-DAT; arrive is aq-TEL
|-
|{{ipa|[ðyːi]}}
| rowspan="1" |dyyi
|go away
|leave is dyyi-TEL
|-
|{{ipa|[iɛ̞mβɛ̞]}}
| rowspan="1" |iämvä
|sing
|
|
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 17:00, 25 December 2024

Nllhaa [nɬːaː], or Enlaa /ɛnˈlɑ/ in English, is a conlang inspired by Christmas and the Sámi languages. It is a part of the Deep Dimensional language family.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Palato-alveolar Velar Uvular Glottal
IPA Rom IPA Rom IPA Rom IPA Rom IPA Rom IPA Rom IPA Rom
Nasal Voiceless m̥ mh n̥ nh n̥ː[1] nnh ɴ̥ ngh
Voiced m m n n nː nn ȵ nj ŋ ng ɴ nng
Preploded ᵖm pm ᵗn tn ᵗˢn xn ᵗȵ cn ˀɴ qn
Plosive Click ᵑǀ x! ᵑǃ g!
Prenasalized ᵐp mp ⁿt nt ⁿts nx ⁿȶ nc ᵑk nk ᶰq nq
Plain p p t t ts x ȶ c k k q q ʔ ’
Fricative v v ð d s[2] s ʑ z ɣ g ɦ h
Trill Voiceless r̥ rh
Voiced r r rʲ[3] rj
Lateral Click ᵑǁ l!
Voiceless l̥[4] lh ɬː llh
Voiced l l lː ll ȴ lj
  1. ↑ /n̥ː/ is realized as a nareal fricative [n̥͋ː]
  2. ↑ /s/ is realized as a long [sː]
  3. ↑ /rʲ/ is realized as a fricative trill [r̝ʲ]
  4. ↑ /l̥/ is realized as a spirant approximant [l̥˔]

If a cluster is written with the same grapheme as a phoneme, the second letter takes an overdot diacritic, or an underdot diacritic if it has an ascender.

Phonemes Allophones Environment
v β before rounded vowels and bilabials
l̥ l r̥ r ʍ w ʀ̥ ʀ before back vowels
ᵖm ᵗn ᵗˢn ᵗȵ ˀm ˀn ˢn ˀȵ in coda
ᵐp ⁿt ⁿȶ ᵑk ᶰq mˀ nˀ ȵˀ ŋˀ ɴˀ word-initially and in coda

Vowels

Front Central Back
IPA Rom IPA Rom IPA Rom
High Unround i i ᵻ ï
Round y y ᵿ ü u u
Mid e[1] e o[2] o
Low ɛ[3] ä a a ɔ[4] å
  1. ↑ /e/ is realized as [e̞]
  2. ↑ /o/ is realized as [o̞]
  3. ↑ /ɛ/ is realized as [ɛ̞]
  4. ↑ /ɔ/ is realized as [ɔ̞]
Phonemes Allophones Environment
ɛ ɔ æ ɒ when stressed
ᵻ ᵿ a ɯ ɵ ɐ in coda, before a vowel, after a stressed syllable, next to a uvular, or next to a click

Grammar

Lexicon

Nllhaa English Notes
IPA Rom
[pyl̥˔] pylh bed
[ɒkɣu] åkgu to do something
[iːȵ] iinj person
[r̝ʲɛ̞] rjä to want items only
[tɒmβu] tåmvu to give willingly
[ʑe̞ⁿȶ] zenc manner act of formal behavior
[nːað] nnad light
[ˀmɐᶰqɵ] pmanqü mess or ruined thing, as a result of reckless behavior
[ȶaɬː] callh reason/explanation
[al̥˔ʔi] alh’i celebration/party
[ȶaȵˀ] canc name Proper noun
[kamuː] kamuu moose
[qamuː] qamuu baby moose
[r̥i̙q] rhiq fire
[e̞ʔɛ̞l] e’äl rice
[ˀɴɒo] qnåo dog
[ɣaleɦ] galeh receive from an agent
[tæⁿt͡so] tänxo receive from no agent
[kiːeȵ] kiienj food prepared
[ʔykɛ̞] ’ykä food ingredients, raw food, or potential food
[maʔɐr] ma’ar gathering for celebration or mourning
[oːᵑǁe] ool!e gathering for another reason
[ɐq] aq go toward for reason-DAT; arrive is aq-TEL
[ðyːi] dyyi go away leave is dyyi-TEL
[iɛ̞mβɛ̞] iämvä sing
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