Nllhaa [nɬːaː], or Enlaa /ɛnˈlɑ/ in English, is a conlang inspired by Christmas and the Sámi languages. It is a part of the Deep Dimensional language family.
Phonology
Consonants
|
|
Labial
|
Dental
|
Alveolar
|
Palato-alveolar
|
Velar
|
Uvular
|
Glottal
|
| IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
| Nasal
|
Voiceless
|
m̥
|
mh
|
n̥
|
nh
|
n̥ː[1]
|
nnh
|
|
|
|
|
ɴ̥
|
ngh
|
|
|
| Voiced
|
m
|
m
|
n
|
n
|
nː
|
nn
|
ȵ
|
nj
|
ŋ
|
ng
|
ɴ
|
nng
|
|
|
| Preploded
|
ᵖm
|
pm
|
ᵗn
|
tn
|
ᵗˢn
|
xn
|
ᵗȵ
|
cn
|
|
|
ˀɴ
|
qn
|
|
|
| Plosive
|
Click
|
|
|
ᵑǀ
|
x!
|
ᵑǃ
|
g!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Prenasalized
|
ᵐp
|
mp
|
ⁿt
|
nt
|
ⁿts
|
nx
|
ⁿȶ
|
nc
|
ᵑk
|
nk
|
ᶰq
|
nq
|
|
|
| Plain
|
p
|
p
|
t
|
t
|
ts
|
x
|
ȶ
|
c
|
k
|
k
|
q
|
q
|
ʔ
|
’
|
| Fricative
|
v
|
v
|
ð
|
d
|
s[2]
|
s
|
ʑ
|
z
|
ɣ
|
g
|
|
|
ɦ
|
h
|
| Trill
|
Voiceless
|
|
|
|
|
r̥
|
rh
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Voiced
|
|
|
|
|
r
|
r
|
rʲ[3]
|
rj
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Lateral
|
Click
|
|
|
|
|
ᵑǁ
|
l!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Voiceless
|
|
|
l̥[4]
|
lh
|
ɬː
|
llh
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Voiced
|
|
|
l
|
l
|
lː
|
ll
|
ȴ
|
lj
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ↑ /n̥ː/ is realized as a nareal fricative [n̥͋ː]
- ↑ /s/ is realized as a long [sː]
- ↑ /rʲ/ is realized as a fricative trill [r̝ʲ]
- ↑ /l̥/ is realized as a spirant approximant [l̥˔]
If a cluster is written with the same grapheme as a phoneme, the second letter takes an overdot diacritic, or an underdot diacritic if it has an ascender.
| Phonemes
|
Allophones
|
Environment
|
| v
|
β
|
before rounded vowels and bilabials
|
| l̥ l r̥ r
|
ʍ w ʀ̥ ʀ
|
before back vowels
|
| ᵖm ᵗn ᵗˢn ᵗȵ
|
ˀm ˀn ˢn ˀȵ
|
in coda
|
| ᵐp ⁿt ⁿȶ ᵑk ᶰq
|
mˀ nˀ ȵˀ ŋˀ ɴˀ
|
word-initially and in coda
|
Vowels
|
|
Front
|
Central
|
Back
|
| IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
IPA
|
Rom
|
| High
|
Unround
|
i
|
i
|
ᵻ
|
ï
|
|
|
| Round
|
y
|
y
|
ᵿ
|
ü
|
u
|
u
|
| Mid
|
e[1]
|
e
|
|
|
o[2]
|
o
|
| Low
|
ɛ[3]
|
ä
|
a
|
a
|
ɔ[4]
|
å
|
- ↑ /e/ is realized as [e̞]
- ↑ /o/ is realized as [o̞]
- ↑ /ɛ/ is realized as [ɛ̞]
- ↑ /ɔ/ is realized as [ɔ̞]
| Phonemes
|
Allophones
|
Environment
|
| ɛ ɔ
|
æ ɒ
|
when stressed
|
| ᵻ ᵿ a
|
ɯ ɵ ɐ
|
in coda, before a vowel, after a stressed syllable, next to a uvular, or next to a click
|
Grammar
Lexicon
| Nllhaa
|
English
|
Notes
|
| IPA
|
Rom
|
| [pyl̥˔]
|
pylh
|
bed
|
|
| [ɒkɣu]
|
åkgu
|
to do something
|
|
| [iːȵ]
|
iinj
|
person
|
|
| [r̝ʲɛ̞]
|
rjä
|
to want
|
items only
|
| [tɒmβu]
|
tåmvu
|
to give
|
willingly
|
| [ʑe̞ⁿȶ]
|
zenc
|
manner
|
act of formal behavior
|
| [nːað]
|
nnad
|
light
|
|
| [ˀmɐᶰqɵ]
|
pmanqü
|
mess
|
or ruined thing, as a result of reckless behavior
|
| [ȶaɬː]
|
callh
|
reason/explanation
|
|
| [al̥˔ʔi]
|
alh’i
|
celebration/party
|
|
| [ȶaȵˀ]
|
canc
|
name
|
Proper noun
|
| [kamuː]
|
kamuu
|
moose
|
|
| [qamuː]
|
qamuu
|
baby moose
|
|
| [r̥i̙q]
|
rhiq
|
fire
|
|
| [e̞ʔɛ̞l]
|
e’äl
|
rice
|
|
| [ˀɴɒo]
|
qnåo
|
dog
|
|
| [ɣaleɦ]
|
galeh
|
receive
|
from an agent
|
| [tæⁿt͡so]
|
tänxo
|
receive
|
from no agent
|
| [kiːeȵ]
|
kiienj
|
food
|
prepared
|
| [ʔykɛ̞]
|
’ykä
|
food
|
ingredients, raw food, or potential food
|
| [maʔɐr]
|
ma’ar
|
gathering
|
for celebration or mourning
|
| [oːᵑǁe]
|
ool!e
|
gathering
|
for another reason
|
| [ɐq]
|
aq
|
go toward
|
for reason-DAT; arrive is aq-TEL
|
| [ðyːi]
|
dyyi
|
go away
|
leave is dyyi-TEL
|
| [iɛ̞mβɛ̞]
|
iämvä
|
sing
|
|