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|country=[[Aprux Mexyrhat]]
|country=[[Aprux Mexyrhat]]
|demonym=Tolifax
|demonym=Tolifax
|number=83
|number={{Hotspot}}
|usage=Official and cultural language
|usage=Official and cultural language
|lang-code=MTL
|lang-code=MTL
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== History ==
== History ==
The Modern Toli langauge split-off from [[Atoliax]] language alongside [[Adolhix]] at the end of the first millenium [[Dyrghxtimyh|A.Dyr.]].
The Modern Toli langauge split-off from [[Atoliax]] language alongside [[Adolhix]] at the end of the first millenium [[Dyrghxtimyh|A.Dyr.]].
== History 2 ==
''Main article: [[Toli Fakeworld Evolution]]''
The Toli language dates back to early 20's. It has evolved, or rather morphed, several times, changing everything in its entirely. Aleksanetra is currently reserching old documents in order to devise the "eras" of Toli in chronological order.
== Phonology ==
=== Vowels ===
Toli has six phonemic vowels, devided into three pairs of low and high vowels in each pair, and also a phonetic schwa.
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Front
!Central
!Back
|-
|High
|i
|ʏ
|u
|-
|Medium
|
|(ə)
|
|-
|Low
|a
|ɛ
|ɔ
|}
==== Vowel Rhythm ====
Vowels alternate between their high and low counterparts (as seen above) between syllables, in one word. Some parts of speach do not conform to the vowel rhythm - unless they are agglued to parts of speach that do - and insted their vowels are purely vibe-dependent. When affixation or any other word-merging occurs, the vowels <u>may</u> change their state to fit the first vowel in the new word. An example of this would be:
* ''kirfa'' "cinnamon"
* ''xukuelit'' "chocolatte"
* ''apxukuelitk'''a'''rf'''i''''' "(Adjective marker)-chocolatte-cinnamon"
==== Tone ====
Tone alongside vowel rhythm is a feature in older iterations of Toli. Although it is not needed, tone may be added to syllables in the following manner for stylistic purpouses: rising tone for low vowel syllables, and falling tone for high vowels, alongside neutral tone for parts of speach not affected by vowel rhythm (numerals, conjunctions, etc.) or foreign sounds.
==== Semivowels ====
Semivowels are found only in diphthongs. In the romanization, as mentioned above, semivowels are spelled as i and u. However, in the Toli script, the semivowels are marked with an underdot (official) or a vertical line under (handwritting; sometimes connects with the rest of the character) the respective vowel graphemes.
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Table 1 - unvoiced
!
!Labial
!Coronal
!Dorsal
|-
|Nasal
|'''m'''
|'''n'''
|(ʔ)
|-
|Plosive
|p
|t
|k
|-
|Fricative
|f
|s, ʂ
|x
|-
|Trill/Lateral
|
|'''r (ɾ)''', '''l''', '''ɬ'''
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Table 2 - voiced
!
!Labial
!Coronal
!Dorsal
|-
|Nasal
|'''mg'''
|'''nd'''
| -
|-
|Plosive
|b
|d
|g
|-
|Fricative
|v
|z, ʐ
|ɣ
|-
|Trill/Lateral
|
|'''rb (ɾb)''', '''lz''', '''ɬv'''
|
|}
Toli has 12 consonants (Table 1) with their grammaticaly voiced counterparts (Table 2). Grammaticaly unvoiced consonants (Bold) are consonants that are acctualy voiced, but they are treated as unvoiced in grammatical transformations. Once they become "voiced" (Table 2), they become a consonant cluster, each with its own unique additional consonant.
If this cluster is in a word-final open syllable, it splits: C<sub>1</sub>V --voicing-> C<sub>1</sub>VC<sub>2</sub>.
==== Big Consonant Clusters Transfomations ====
In one of four set verb moods in Toli, optative mood, the preffix ''samp-'' , being connected with a verb that starts with a consonant, may cause the speaker to insert a vowel between the preffix and the verb, since Toli phonotactics does not permit consonant clusters greater than 2. Additionaly, the vowel rhythm cannot be broken, therefore the vowel inserted is the schwa. If the following consonant is a plosive, it is turned into a click, alongside a glottal stop being inserted before that consonant.
==== R-tap ====
In consonant cluster of <rh> /rx/, the /x/ becomes silent, and /r/ turns into a flap - /ɾ/.
== Phonotactics ==
==== Consonant clusters ====
Consonant clusters cannot be bigger than two phonemes.
=== Loan words ===
There is a specific order of actions that needs to be performed on a foreign word in order to fit the phonology and phonotactics of Toli. The order of this actions is presented below from first to last.
==== Vowels ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Vowel range
!Toli vowel
|-
|i~ɪ
|i
|-
|ʏ~ɨ~ɘ~ø
|ʏ
|-
|u~ʊ~ʉ
|u
|-
|ɵ~ɞ~ɜ~ə
|ə
|-
|e~ɛ~œ~ø̞
|ɛ
|-
|æ~ɐ~ɑ~a
|a
|-
|ɤ~ʌ~ɒ~o
|ɔ
|}
==== Semivowels ====
Semivowels that are not next to a vowel are reduced to their vowel counterparts - /j w/ > /i u/. The vowel rhythm either needs to fit the vowel rhythm of the part of speach, or continue the vowel rhythm of the last acctual vowel, dicating it further down the word.
==== Vowel rhythm ====


== Orthography ==
== Orthography ==


==== Toli script ====
==== Toli script ====
''Soon.'' If you're in need of knowledge, check through my uploaded files.
Main article: [[Toli Script]]
 
The Toli script is a left to right alphabet with one to one letter to phoneme correspondence. It was created from Ksãndra's own head, but /p/ and /f/ were derived from [[Greek (disambiguation)|Greek]].


==== Romanization ====
==== Romanization ====
The romanization of Toli consists of 17 letters, uper case and lower case. It also includes an apostrophe for voicing of consonants. Semivowels, since they only apear alongside vowels, are spelled as i and u.
The romanization of Toli consists of 17 letters, uper case and lower case. Semivowels, since they only apear alongside vowels, are spelled as i and u.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!
!
Line 69: Line 221:
|Trill/Lateral  
|Trill/Lateral  
|
|
|R r, L l
|R r, L l, SL sl/Ỽ ỽ<ref>SL may be used in casual texts, while Ỽ is used in official contexts, https://discord.com/channels/1364649322376986768/1415994708949336104/1424315733302579201</ref>
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Voiced Consonants
!Labial
!Coronal
!Dorsal
|-
|Nasal
|MG mg
|ND nd
|
|-
|Plosive
|B b
|D d
|G g
|-
|Fricative
|V v
|Z z, ZX zx
|GH gh
|-
|Trill/Lateral
|
|RB rb, LZ lz, SLV slv/ỼV ỽv
|
|
|}
|}


==== Asomtavrulization ====
==== Asomtavrulization ====
For all the "remove Ⴃ" folks in the nguhcord.
The Asomtavrulization of Toli consists of 19 letters. A stroke diacritic is used for voicing of consonants. Semivowels are spelled as their vowel counterparts + Ⴥ.
The Asomtavrulization of Toli consists of 19 letters. A stroke diacritic is used for voicing of consonants. Semivowels are spelled as their vowel counterparts + Ⴥ.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 122: Line 299:
And you know who else uses [[w:Georgian_scripts#Asomtavruli|Asomtavruli]]?
And you know who else uses [[w:Georgian_scripts#Asomtavruli|Asomtavruli]]?


== Phonology ==
== Grammar ==
 
=== Nomenclature ===
When a word <u>conforms</u> to an another word in vowel rhytm, it means that the vowel rhythm is derived from the word that the other word is being added to.


==== Vowels ====
When a word dictates the vowel rhythm, that means that any following words are adjusting their vowel rhythm
Toli has six phonemic vowels, devided into three pairs of low and high vowels in each pair.
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Front
!Central
!Back
|-
|High
|i
|ʏ
|u
|-
|Low
|a
|ɛ
|ɔ
|}


===== Vowel Rhythm =====
=== Nouns ===
Vowels alternate between high and low between syllables, in one word. When affixation or any other word-merging occurs, the vowels may change their state to fit the first vowel in the new word. An example of this would be:
Nouns start with high initial vowels - i ʏ u - and are inflected by number, and are able to be agglued together to express greater or more precise meanings.


* ''kirfa'' "cinnamon"
==== Number ====
* ''xukuelit'' "chocolatte"
Two plural numbers exist in Toli -  singular and plural. Plurals are achived through the voicing of the last consonant in said noun. Numeral names may be agglued to a noun in its <u>singular</u> form as a preffix, to convey a specific number of said noun - they conform to the vowel rythm.
* ''apxukuelitk'''a'''rf'''i''''' "(Adjective marker)-chocolatte-cinnamon"


==== Semivowels ====
''Kuyn'' /kwʏn/ - Needle
Semivowels are mostly derived from loanwords. They only apear in diphthongs and are not phonemic.


==== Consonants ====
''Kuyn''' /kwʏnd/ - Needles
Toli has eleven phonemic consonants, all, in gramatical sense, being devoiced (falsely unvoiced in '''Bold'''):
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!Labial
!Coronal
!Dorsal
|-
|Nasal
|'''m'''
|'''n'''
|
|-
|Plosive
|p
|t
|k
|-
|Fricative
|f
|s, ʂ
|x
|-
|Trill/Lateral
|
|'''r''', '''l'''
|
|}
In gramatcal sense, these are the voiced counterparts of presented consonants (falsesly unvoiced in '''Bold'''):
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!Labial
!Coronal
!Dorsal
|-
|Nasal
|'''mg'''
|'''nd'''
|
|-
|Plosive
|b
|d
|g
|-
|Fricative
|v
|z, ʐ
|ɣ
|-
|Trill/Lateral
|
|'''rb''', '''lz'''
|
|}


== Grammar ==
Ỽ'''''e'''kuyn'' /ɬɛkwʏn/ - Two needles; With ''Ỽ'''y''''' - Two


=== Nouns ===
==== Glueing Nouns ====
Nouns have high initial vowels. They are inflected by number... an that's it. If only I were a smarter conlanger.
Nouns can be glued together to expand the meaning of a noun or to expand its meaning without an adjective. Components of a noun construction must make a logical sense to convey the new meaning.


==== Plurals ====
==== Capitalization ====
Plurals are formed by voicing the last consonant (see chart above). When a noun ends in a vowel, and the preceding consonant is falsely unvoiced, the consonant is voiced and split by the vowel (Cv > CvC).
Proper nouns are capitalized, alongside nouns in some adjective constructions. See ''Adjectives.''


=== Verbs ===
=== Verbs ===
Verbs have low initial vowels. They are conjugated by tense and aspect. Aspect is the first to be aplied to a verb, then tense is aplied.
Verbs start with low initial vowels - a ɛ u - and are conjugated by tense, aspect and mood.


==== Tense ====
== Dialects ==
Verbs are in present tense in their unconjugated form. Past tense is achived through the ky- prefix, and future tense is achived through the -y/ef suffix.
Modern Toli has developed several dialects. Sometimes, separate languges are regarded as dialects of Toli. Most spoken dialects are presented bellow


==== Aspect ====
==== Perhyh Dialect ====
Verbs are in imperfective aspect in their unconjugated form. Perfective aspect is achived through voicing of the last syllable.
Perhyh Dialect is used in the capital of [[Aprux Mexyrhat]], [[Perhyh]]. It's the stereotypical "young people lazy" and "deafult city" trope. Notable features of this dialect include:


=== Adjectives ===
* Merging of r and l into l
Adjectives are placed before their nouns. Adjectives derived from nouns start with a ap- prefix, while adjectives derived from verbs have their first consonant voiced and their vowel rhythm switched.
* Merging of ʏ and u in closed syllable positions
* Lenghting of open end syllable vowels
* Historical ɛr becoming ə
* Glotalization of x into h


=== Adverbs ===
== Refrences and Notes ==
Adverbs are placed before their verbs. Adverbs derived from verbs start with a kor- perfix, while adverbs derived from nouns have their vowel rhythm switched and a kor- prefix added.
[[Category:Language]]
[[Category:Language]]

Latest revision as of 12:31, 4 January 2026

Toli / Modern Toli
Language familyIuta-Karax
  • Karax
  • Yrilhs
  • Fantoli
  • Tixtoli
  • Kretoli
  • Atoliax
  • Modern Toli
EraSince 998(AD)
Writing systemToli script, Latin
Official status
Spoken inAprux Mexyrhat
Speaker
DemonymTolifax
Number of speakers
Technical information
UsageOfficial and cultural language
Language codeMTL


Toli (endonym: Toli /tɔli/) or Modern Toli, is a language spoken and official in Aprux Mexyrhat and FERRA, writen in Toli script. Its distinctive features are vowel rhythm and grammatical voicing of consonants.

History

The Modern Toli langauge split-off from Atoliax language alongside Adolhix at the end of the first millenium A.Dyr..

History 2

Main article: Toli Fakeworld Evolution

The Toli language dates back to early 20's. It has evolved, or rather morphed, several times, changing everything in its entirely. Aleksanetra is currently reserching old documents in order to devise the "eras" of Toli in chronological order.

Phonology

Vowels

Toli has six phonemic vowels, devided into three pairs of low and high vowels in each pair, and also a phonetic schwa.

Front Central Back
High i ʏ u
Medium (ə)
Low a ɛ ɔ

Vowel Rhythm

Vowels alternate between their high and low counterparts (as seen above) between syllables, in one word. Some parts of speach do not conform to the vowel rhythm - unless they are agglued to parts of speach that do - and insted their vowels are purely vibe-dependent. When affixation or any other word-merging occurs, the vowels may change their state to fit the first vowel in the new word. An example of this would be:

  • kirfa "cinnamon"
  • xukuelit "chocolatte"
  • apxukuelitkarfi "(Adjective marker)-chocolatte-cinnamon"

Tone

Tone alongside vowel rhythm is a feature in older iterations of Toli. Although it is not needed, tone may be added to syllables in the following manner for stylistic purpouses: rising tone for low vowel syllables, and falling tone for high vowels, alongside neutral tone for parts of speach not affected by vowel rhythm (numerals, conjunctions, etc.) or foreign sounds.

Semivowels

Semivowels are found only in diphthongs. In the romanization, as mentioned above, semivowels are spelled as i and u. However, in the Toli script, the semivowels are marked with an underdot (official) or a vertical line under (handwritting; sometimes connects with the rest of the character) the respective vowel graphemes.

Consonants

Table 1 - unvoiced
Labial Coronal Dorsal
Nasal m n (ʔ)
Plosive p t k
Fricative f s, ʂ x
Trill/Lateral r (ɾ), l, ɬ
Table 2 - voiced
Labial Coronal Dorsal
Nasal mg nd -
Plosive b d g
Fricative v z, ʐ ɣ
Trill/Lateral rb (ɾb), lz, ɬv

Toli has 12 consonants (Table 1) with their grammaticaly voiced counterparts (Table 2). Grammaticaly unvoiced consonants (Bold) are consonants that are acctualy voiced, but they are treated as unvoiced in grammatical transformations. Once they become "voiced" (Table 2), they become a consonant cluster, each with its own unique additional consonant.

If this cluster is in a word-final open syllable, it splits: C1V --voicing-> C1VC2.

Big Consonant Clusters Transfomations

In one of four set verb moods in Toli, optative mood, the preffix samp- , being connected with a verb that starts with a consonant, may cause the speaker to insert a vowel between the preffix and the verb, since Toli phonotactics does not permit consonant clusters greater than 2. Additionaly, the vowel rhythm cannot be broken, therefore the vowel inserted is the schwa. If the following consonant is a plosive, it is turned into a click, alongside a glottal stop being inserted before that consonant.

R-tap

In consonant cluster of <rh> /rx/, the /x/ becomes silent, and /r/ turns into a flap - /ɾ/.

Phonotactics

Consonant clusters

Consonant clusters cannot be bigger than two phonemes.

Loan words

There is a specific order of actions that needs to be performed on a foreign word in order to fit the phonology and phonotactics of Toli. The order of this actions is presented below from first to last.

Vowels

Vowel range Toli vowel
i~ɪ i
ʏ~ɨ~ɘ~ø ʏ
u~ʊ~ʉ u
ɵ~ɞ~ɜ~ə ə
e~ɛ~œ~ø̞ ɛ
æ~ɐ~ɑ~a a
ɤ~ʌ~ɒ~o ɔ

Semivowels

Semivowels that are not next to a vowel are reduced to their vowel counterparts - /j w/ > /i u/. The vowel rhythm either needs to fit the vowel rhythm of the part of speach, or continue the vowel rhythm of the last acctual vowel, dicating it further down the word.

Vowel rhythm

Orthography

Toli script

Main article: Toli Script

The Toli script is a left to right alphabet with one to one letter to phoneme correspondence. It was created from Ksãndra's own head, but /p/ and /f/ were derived from Greek.

Romanization

The romanization of Toli consists of 17 letters, uper case and lower case. Semivowels, since they only apear alongside vowels, are spelled as i and u.

Front Central Back
High I i Y y U u
Low A a E e O o
Labial Coronal Dorsal
Nasal M m N n
Plosive P p T t K k
Fricative F f S s, X x H h
Trill/Lateral R r, L l, SL sl/Ỽ ỽ[1]
Voiced Consonants Labial Coronal Dorsal
Nasal MG mg ND nd
Plosive B b D d G g
Fricative V v Z z, ZX zx GH gh
Trill/Lateral RB rb, LZ lz, SLV slv/ỼV ỽv

Asomtavrulization

The Asomtavrulization of Toli consists of 19 letters. A stroke diacritic is used for voicing of consonants. Semivowels are spelled as their vowel counterparts + Ⴥ.

Front Central Back
High Ⴈ Ⴄ‿ Ⴓ
Low Ⴀ Ⴄ Ⴍ

Oh, also, it's boustrophedon.

Labial Coronal Dorsal
Nasal Ⴋ Ⴌ
Plosive Ⴔ Ⴇ Ⴕ
Fricative Ⴣ Ⴑ, Ⴘ Ⴠ
Trill/Lateral Ⴐ, Ⴊ

And you know who else uses Asomtavruli?

Grammar

Nomenclature

When a word conforms to an another word in vowel rhytm, it means that the vowel rhythm is derived from the word that the other word is being added to.

When a word dictates the vowel rhythm, that means that any following words are adjusting their vowel rhythm

Nouns

Nouns start with high initial vowels - i ʏ u - and are inflected by number, and are able to be agglued together to express greater or more precise meanings.

Number

Two plural numbers exist in Toli - singular and plural. Plurals are achived through the voicing of the last consonant in said noun. Numeral names may be agglued to a noun in its singular form as a preffix, to convey a specific number of said noun - they conform to the vowel rythm.

Kuyn /kwʏn/ - Needle

Kuyn' /kwʏnd/ - Needles

Ỽekuyn /ɬɛkwʏn/ - Two needles; With Ỽy - Two

Glueing Nouns

Nouns can be glued together to expand the meaning of a noun or to expand its meaning without an adjective. Components of a noun construction must make a logical sense to convey the new meaning.

Capitalization

Proper nouns are capitalized, alongside nouns in some adjective constructions. See Adjectives.

Verbs

Verbs start with low initial vowels - a ɛ u - and are conjugated by tense, aspect and mood.

Dialects

Modern Toli has developed several dialects. Sometimes, separate languges are regarded as dialects of Toli. Most spoken dialects are presented bellow

Perhyh Dialect

Perhyh Dialect is used in the capital of Aprux Mexyrhat, Perhyh. It's the stereotypical "young people lazy" and "deafult city" trope. Notable features of this dialect include:

  • Merging of r and l into l
  • Merging of ʏ and u in closed syllable positions
  • Lenghting of open end syllable vowels
  • Historical ɛr becoming ə
  • Glotalization of x into h

Refrences and Notes

  1. ↑ SL may be used in casual texts, while Ỽ is used in official contexts, https://discord.com/channels/1364649322376986768/1415994708949336104/1424315733302579201
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