Western Léna: Difference between revisions

From Nguhcraft Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Omaatje (talk | contribs)
325 edits
No edit summary
Omaatje (talk | contribs)
325 edits
 
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<div style="
{{Infobox language|country=[[Hárǝsi, Cékwely Kwojongoka]] (unofficial minority language)|family=[[Hakhpha]]|lang-code=GIG|name=Western Léna|scripts=Latin Alphabet<br> Cyrillic Alphabet|number=unknown|demonym=Ijhenggínga, Lénga Offéstǝnóm}}
margin-right:20%;
Western Léna, natively ''Ijhenggínga'', is a Western Hakhpha language or dialect spoken in on the western coast of Hárǝsi. It is hotly debated whether this is a separate language from Standard Léna, though external linguists tend to conclude that they are closely-related (but ultimately not mutually intelligible) languages. Ijhenggínga is primarily spoken in the [[Cékwely Kwojongoka]] (Ijh.: ''Qunjongok aihá Céqez'').  
hyphens:none !important;
-webkit-hyphens:none !important;
-moz-hyphens:none !important;
-ms-hyphens:none !important;
word-break:keep-all !important;
overflow-wrap:anywhere !important;
line-break:normal !important;
">
 
{{Infobox language|country=[[Hárǝsi, Cékwely Kwojongoka]] (unofficial minority language)|family=[[Hakhpha]]|lang-code=GIG|name=Western Léna|scripts=Latin Alphabet<br> Cyrillic Alphabet|number=unknown|demonym=Ijhenggínga, Lénga Offéstǝnóm}}Western Léna, natively ''Ijhenggínga'', is a Western Hakhpha language or dialect spoken in on the western coast of Hárǝsi. It is hotly debated whether this is a separate language from Standard Léna, though external linguists tend to conclude that they are closely-related (but ultimately not mutually intelligible) languages. ''Ijhenggínga'' is primarily spoken in the [[Cékwely Kwojongoka]] (Ijh.: ''Qunjongok aihá Céqez'').  


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
Line 57: Line 47:
|-
|-
! style="text-align:left;" |Liquid
! style="text-align:left;" |Liquid
| colspan="1" |w
| colspan="1" |ʋ
|r
|r
|j
|j
Line 72: Line 62:
|
|
|}
|}
/q/ is most often pronounced [χ] when not in word-initial position.


=== Vowels ===
=== Vowels ===
Western Léna has 6 phonemic vowels, one less than standard Léna, having fused /ɨ/ and /ǝ/ together. Additionally, the backed /ɑ/ is present rather than the fronted /a/ seen in most other dialects of Léna, including standard Léna.
Western Léna has 6 phonemic vowels, one less than standard Léna, having fused /ɨ/ and /ǝ/ together. Additionally, the backed /ɑ/ is present rather than the fronted /a/ seen in most other dialects of Léna, and the high-mid vowels /e, o/ present in Standard Léna are phonemically /ɛ, ɔ/ here, though this is a change that has been spreading to the rest of Hárǝsi.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!
Line 87: Line 78:
|-
|-
! style="text-align:left;" |Mid
! style="text-align:left;" |Mid
|e
|ɛ
|o
|ɔ
|-
|-
! style="text-align:left;" |Low
! style="text-align:left;" |Low
Line 95: Line 86:
|ɑ
|ɑ
|}
|}
</div>
Western Léna is notable for containing far fewer diphthongs than Standard Léna, even in plurals (see below).
 
=== Syllable Structure and Phonotactics ===
There fairly few differences between the overall phonotactics of Standard Léna and Ijhenggínga. There is a stronger prevalence of nasal codas and more consonant clusters, but it is largely comparable. There is also no restriction on fricatives clustering with unlike fricatives.
 
== Orthography ==
The writing system for Western Léna is based on that of Standard Léna, with some small differences.
{| style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; border:none;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| style="width:20%; padding:0;" |
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-right:4%;"
|+
!Ijhenggínga
(Latin)
!IPA
!Ijhenggínga
(Latin)
!IPA
|-
|a
|/a/
|l
|/l/
|-
|b
|/b/
|m
|/m/
|-
|c
|/c͡ɕ/
|n
|/n/
|-
|ch
|/ɕ/
|ng
|/ŋ/
|-
|e
|/e/
|o
|/o/
|-
|ǝ
|/ǝ/
|p
|/p/
|-
|f
|/f/
|q
|/q/
|-
|g
|/g/
|r
|/r/
|-
|gh
|/ʁ/
|s
|/s/
|-
|h
|/h/
|t
|/t/
|-
|i
|/i/
|u
|/u/
|-
|j
|/ɟ͡ʑ/
|w
|/ʋ/
|-
|jh
|/ʑ/
|y
|/j/
|-
|k
|/k/
|z
|/z/
|-
|kh
|/χ/
! colspan="2" |
|}
| style="width:48%; padding:0;" |
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Ijhenggínga
(Cyrillic)
!IPA
!Ijhenggínga
(Cyrillic)
!IPA
|-
|а
|/a/
|н
|/n/
|-
|б
|/b/
|ң
|/ŋ/
|-
|в
|/ʋ/
|о
|/o/
|-
|г
|/ʁ/
|п
|/p/
|-
|ґ
|/g/
|р
|/r/
|-
|е
|/e/
|с
|/s/
|-
|ж
|/ʑ/
|т
|/t/
|-
|џ
|/ɟ͡ʑ/
|у / ў
|/u/
|-
|з
|/z/
|ф
|/f/
|-
|и / й
|/i/
|х
|/χ/
|-
|і / ј
|/j/
|ҳ
|/h/
|-
|к
|/k/
|ш
|/ɕ/
|-
|қ
|/q/
|ч
|/c͡ɕ/
|-
|л
|/l/
|ъ
|/ǝ/
|-
|м
|/m/
! colspan="2" |
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 15:26, 27 June 2026

Western Léna
Language familyHakhpha
Writing systemLatin Alphabet
Cyrillic Alphabet
Official status
Spoken inHárǝsi, Cékwely Kwojongoka (unofficial minority language)
Speaker
DemonymIjhenggínga, Lénga Offéstǝnóm
Number of speakersunknown
Technical information
Language codeGIG

Western Léna, natively Ijhenggínga, is a Western Hakhpha language or dialect spoken in on the western coast of Hárǝsi. It is hotly debated whether this is a separate language from Standard Léna, though external linguists tend to conclude that they are closely-related (but ultimately not mutually intelligible) languages. Ijhenggínga is primarily spoken in the Cékwely Kwojongoka (Ijh.: Qunjongok aihá Céqez).

Phonology

Consonants

Western Léna has 24 phonemic consonants, 6 less than Standard Léna. It is notable for its uvular series.

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ ~ ɴ
Plosive p b t k g q
Affricate c͡ɕ ɟ͡ʑ
Fricative f s z ɕ ʑ χ ʁ h
Liquid ʋ r j (w)
Lateral l

/q/ is most often pronounced [χ] when not in word-initial position.

Vowels

Western Léna has 6 phonemic vowels, one less than standard Léna, having fused /ɨ/ and /ǝ/ together. Additionally, the backed /ɑ/ is present rather than the fronted /a/ seen in most other dialects of Léna, and the high-mid vowels /e, o/ present in Standard Léna are phonemically /ɛ, ɔ/ here, though this is a change that has been spreading to the rest of Hárǝsi.

Front Central Back
High i ǝ u
Mid ɛ ɔ
Low ɑ

Western Léna is notable for containing far fewer diphthongs than Standard Léna, even in plurals (see below).

Syllable Structure and Phonotactics

There fairly few differences between the overall phonotactics of Standard Léna and Ijhenggínga. There is a stronger prevalence of nasal codas and more consonant clusters, but it is largely comparable. There is also no restriction on fricatives clustering with unlike fricatives.

Orthography

The writing system for Western Léna is based on that of Standard Léna, with some small differences.

Ijhenggínga

(Latin)

IPA Ijhenggínga

(Latin)

IPA
a /a/ l /l/
b /b/ m /m/
c /c͡ɕ/ n /n/
ch /ɕ/ ng /ŋ/
e /e/ o /o/
ǝ /ǝ/ p /p/
f /f/ q /q/
g /g/ r /r/
gh /ʁ/ s /s/
h /h/ t /t/
i /i/ u /u/
j /ɟ͡ʑ/ w /ʋ/
jh /ʑ/ y /j/
k /k/ z /z/
kh /χ/
Ijhenggínga

(Cyrillic)

IPA Ijhenggínga

(Cyrillic)

IPA
а /a/ н /n/
б /b/ ң /ŋ/
в /ʋ/ о /o/
г /ʁ/ п /p/
ґ /g/ р /r/
е /e/ с /s/
ж /ʑ/ т /t/
џ /ɟ͡ʑ/ у / ў /u/
з /z/ ф /f/
и / й /i/ х /χ/
і / ј /j/ ҳ /h/
к /k/ ш /ɕ/
қ /q/ ч /c͡ɕ/
л /l/ ъ /ǝ/
м /m/
Retrieved from "https://mc.nguh.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Léna&oldid=40877"