Nllhaa: Difference between revisions
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|{{ipa| | |{{ipa|l̝ː}} | ||
|{{ipa|'''ll'''}} | |{{ipa|'''ll'''}} | ||
|{{ipa|ȴ}} | |{{ipa|ȴ}} | ||
Revision as of 18:24, 29 April 2025
Nllhaa [nɬːaː], or Enlaa /ɛnˈlɑ/ in English, is a conlang inspired by Christmas and the Sámi languages. It is a part of the Deep Dimensional language family.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | ||
| Nasal | Voiceless | m̥ | mh | n̥ | nh | n̥ː[1] | nnh | ɴ̥ | ngh | ||||||
| Voiced | m | m | n | n | nː | nn | ȵ | nj | ŋ | ng | ɴ | nng | |||
| Preploded | ᵖm | pm | ᵗn | tn | ᵗˢn | xn | ᵗȵ | cn | ˀɴ | qn | |||||
| Plosive | Click | ᵑǀ | x! | ᵑǃ | g! | ||||||||||
| Prenasalized | ᵐp | mp | ⁿt | nt | ⁿts | nx | ⁿȶ | nc | ᵑk | nk | ᶰq | nq | |||
| Plain | p | p | t | t | ts | x | ȶ | c | k | k | q | q | ʔ | ’ | |
| Fricative | v | v | ð | d | s[2] | s | ʑ | z | ɣ | g | ɦ | h | |||
| Trill | Voiceless | r̥ | rh | ||||||||||||
| Voiced | r | r | rʲ[3] | rj | |||||||||||
| Lateral | Click | ᵑǁ | l! | ||||||||||||
| Voiceless | l̥[4] | lh | ɬː | llh | |||||||||||
| Voiced | l | l | l̝ː | ll | ȴ | lj | |||||||||
If a cluster is written with the same grapheme as a phoneme, the second letter takes an overdot diacritic, or an underdot diacritic if it has an ascender.
| Phonemes | Allophones | Environment |
|---|---|---|
| v | β | before rounded vowels and bilabials |
| l̥ l r̥ r | ʍ w ʀ̥ ʀ | before back vowels |
| ᵖm ᵗn ᵗˢn ᵗȵ | ˀm ˀn ˢn ˀȵ | in coda |
| ᵐp ⁿt ⁿȶ ᵑk ᶰq | mˀ nˀ ȵˀ ŋˀ ɴˀ | word-initially and in coda |
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | IPA | Rom | ||
| High | Unround | i | i | ᵻ | ï | ||
| Round | y | y | ᵿ | ü | u | u | |
| Mid | e[1] | e | o[2] | o | |||
| Low | ɛ[3] | ä | a | a | ɔ[4] | å | |
| Phonemes | Allophones | Environment |
|---|---|---|
| ɛ ɔ | æ ɒ | when stressed |
| ᵻ ᵿ a | ɯ ɵ ɐ | in coda, before a vowel, after a stressed syllable, next to a uvular, or next to a click |
Grammar
Lexicon
| Nllhaa | English | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | Rom | ||
| [pyl̥˔] | pylh | bed | |
| [ɒkɣu] | åkgu | to do something | |
| [iːȵ] | iinj | person | |
| [r̝ʲɛ̞] | rjä | to want | items only |
| [tɒmβu] | tåmvu | to give | willingly |
| [ʑe̞ⁿȶ] | zenc | manner | act of formal behavior |
| [nːað] | nnad | light | |
| [ˀmɐᶰqɵ] | pmanqü | mess | or ruined thing, as a result of reckless behavior |
| [ȶaɬː] | callh | reason/explanation | |
| [al̥˔ʔi] | alh’i | celebration/party | |
| [ȶaȵˀ] | canc | name | Proper noun |
| [kamuː] | kamuu | moose | |
| [qamuː] | qamuu | baby moose | |
| [r̥i̙q] | rhiq | fire | |
| [e̞ʔɛ̞l] | e’äl | rice | |
| [ˀɴɒo] | qnåo | dog | |
| [ɣaleɦ] | galeh | receive | from an agent |
| [tæⁿt͡so] | tänxo | receive | from no agent |
| [kiːeȵ] | kiienj | food | prepared |
| [ʔykɛ̞] | ’ykä | food | ingredients, raw food, or potential food |
| [maʔɐr] | ma’ar | gathering | for celebration or mourning |
| [oːᵑǁe] | ool!e | gathering | for another reason |
| [ɐq] | aq | go toward | for reason-DAT; arrive is aq-TEL |
| [ðyːi] | dyyi | go away | leave is dyyi-TEL |
| [iɛ̞mβɛ̞] | iämvä | sing | |