Middle Chinese (Tang Dynasty, Chang'an dialect)

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Middle Chinese (Mid-Tang Dynasty, Chang'an Dialect)
中古漢語(盛中唐長安方言)
Language familySino-Tibetan
Sinitic
Era~720 to 780 CE
Writing systemChinese
Official status
Spoken inIslands of Ximh Gwynh
Regulated byGovernment of Islands of Ximh Gwynh
Speaker
Number of speakers1
Technical information
UsageOfficial language for communication and documentation


The Mid-Tang Chang'an dialect of Middle Chinese is a reconstructed Middle Chinese dialect spoken in Chang'an.
As the native dialect to the capital of the Tang dynasty, the Chang'an dialect was the most influential dialect at the time, with a lot of its innovations spreading to other northern varieties of Middle Chinese as Chang'an was the economic and political centre of the dynasty. Its influence was not restricted to Sinitic internally, with tons of external Sino-Xenic pronunciations documenting its phonology: Japanese Kan-on, Sino-Korean, Tibetan transcriptions, etc.

Phonology

Initials

Bilabial Labiodental Alveolar Retroflex (Alveolo-)Palatal Velar Glottal
Prenasalised ᵐb ᶬʋ ⁿd ᶯɖ ᶮʑ ᵑɡ
Plosive Tenuis p t ʈ k ʔ
Aspirated ʈʰ
Voiced b d ɖ ɡ
Affricate Tenuis p͡f t͡s ʈ͡ʂ t͡ɕ
Aspirated p͡fʰ t͡sʰ ʈ͡ʂʰ t͡ɕʰ
Voiced b͡v d͡z ɖ͡ʐ
Fricative Voiceless s ʂ ɕ x
Voiced z ʑ ɣ
Approximant l j ɰ