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|lang-code=TZN
|lang-code=TZN
}}
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'''Tanzangi,''' (Tanzangi: ''tanti'' /tən.ti/) the official language of [[Tanzang]], is a language in the [[Dangic languages|Dangic]] branch of the [[Cangic Languages|Cangic language family]] descended from Middle Dang. It features an inventory of 17 consonants and 9 vowels. It's ancestor language, Old Dang, was monosyllabic; Tanzangi, however, combines Old Dang syllables in an agglutinative manner.
'''Tanzangi''' (Tanzangi: ''tanti'' /tən.ti/), the official language of [[Tanzang]], is a language in the [[Dangic languages|Dangic]] branch of the [[Cangic Languages|Cangic language family]] descended from Classical Dang. It features an inventory of 17 consonants and 9 vowels. It's ancestor language, Old Dang, was monosyllabic; Tanzangi, however, combines Old Dang syllables in an agglutinative manner.


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
Line 30: Line 30:
|n
|n
|ɲ ⟨ñ⟩
|ɲ ⟨ñ⟩
|ŋ ⟨ng⟩
|ŋ ⟨g⟩
|-
|-
!Plosive
!Plosive
|p b
|p, b
|t d
|t, d
|
|k ⟨c⟩ g
|-
!Affricate
|
|ts ⟨z⟩
|(tʃ) ⟨z⟩
|
|
|k ⟨c⟩, g
|-
|-
!Fricative
!Fricative
|f
|f
|s
|s, θ ⟨z⟩
|
|
|x ⟨j⟩
|x
|-
|-
!Liquid
!Liquid
|
|
|l r
|l
|
|
|
|ʀ ⟨r⟩
|}
|}
[tʃ] is an allophone of /ts/ before front vowel /i/. Velars /k g x/ become palatal [c ɟ ç] before front vowels /i e/. Old Dang /ŋ/ merged with /ɲ/ in all positions except syllable coda. Fricatives /f s x/, as well as /ts/ and [tʃ], become voiced [v z ɣ dz dʒ] intervocalically, and voiced plosives /b d g/ become fricated [v ð ɣ]. Orthographic ⟨h⟩ indicates vowel hiatus when intervocalic or word-initial, and lengthens the preceding phone in other positions.
 
* Phonemes /s k g x/ become palatal [ɕ c ɟ ç] before front vowels /i e/.  
* Old Dang /ŋ/ merged with /ɲ/ in all positions except syllable coda.  
* Fricatives /f θ s x/ and [ɕ ç] become voiced [v ð z ɣ ʑ ʝ] intervocalically, and voiced plosives /b d g/ become [w ɹ̪ j].  
* Orthographic ⟨h⟩ indicates vowel hiatus when intervocalic or word-initial, and lengthens the preceding phone in other positions.
* Syllable-final /ʀ/ lengthens the preceding vowel and is elided.


=== Vowels ===
=== Vowels ===
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|i
|i
|ɨ ⟨u⟩
|ɨ ⟨u⟩
|u ⟨ou / w⟩
|u ⟨ũ⟩
|-
|-
!Close-Mid
!Close-Mid
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|-
|-
!Open-Mid
!Open-Mid
|ɛ ⟨ai / è⟩
|ɛ ⟨ẽ⟩
|ɔ ⟨au / ò⟩
|ɔ ⟨õ⟩
|-
|-
!Open
!Open
|
|
|
|
|ɑ ⟨à⟩
|ɑ ⟨ã⟩
|}
|}
/ə/ is deleted in some unstressed syllables, particularly word-finally. In these positions, it is not written. In less formal speech, it is deleted in all unstressed syllables. In positions where it would normally be deleted, but is not, it would be written ⟨ä⟩. Due to the deletion of the schwa, stress paterns may sometimes be unpredictable. Historically, Tanzangi featured a strict penultimate stress system. In modern times, this pattern is somewhat irregular. "Irregularly" stressed vowels are marked with an acute accent.


To resolve vowel hiatus, the more closed vowel in a sequence becomes a glide: front vowels /i e ɛ/ become [j], central /ɨ/ becomes [ɨ̯], and back rounded /u o ɔ/ become [w]. The vowel /ə/ is often deleted instead. To avoid confusion with /ɛ ɔ u/, the sequences [aj aɨ̯ oɨ̯] are written ⟨aï aü oü⟩.
* /ə/ is deleted in some unstressed syllables, particularly word-finally. In these positions, it is not written. In less formal speech, it is deleted in all unstressed syllables.
** Due to the deletion of the schwa, stress patterns may sometimes be unpredictable. Historically, Tanzangi featured a strict penultimate stress system. In modern times, this pattern is somewhat irregular. "Irregularly" stressed vowels are marked with an acute accent.
* To resolve vowel hiatus, the more closed vowel in a sequence becomes a glide: front vowels /i e ɛ/ become [j], central /ɨ/ becomes [ɨ̯], and back rounded /u o ɔ/ become [w]. The vowel /ə/ is often deleted instead.
* The diacritics ⟨ã ẽ õ ũ⟩ evolved from historic digraphs ⟨aa ea oa uu⟩


=== Phonotactics ===
=== Phonotactics ===
Old Dang syllable structure was strictly (C)V(C). Modern Tanzangi retains that phonemically, but phonetically, with the deletion of schwa, clusters are much more common and can be more complex. Modern Tanzangi syllable structure is largely undefined, especially due to very free phonotactics in loans. Vowel hiatus is allowed, orthographically seperated by ⟨h⟩. Stress patterns may be irregular, marked with an acute accent.
Old Dang syllable structure was strictly (C)V(C). Modern Tanzangi retains that phonemically, but phonetically, with the deletion of schwa, clusters are much more common and can be more complex. Modern Tanzangi syllable structure is largely undefined, especially due to very free phonotactics in loans. Vowel hiatus is allowed, orthographically separated by ⟨h⟩. Stress patterns may be irregular, marked with an acute accent.
[[Category: Language]]
[[Category: Language]]

Revision as of 19:53, 14 June 2025

Tanzangi
Language familyCangic
Early form(s)Old Dang, Proto-Cangic
Eratoday
Writing systemLatin
Official status
Spoken inTanzang
Regulated byGovernment of Tanzang
Speaker
DemonymTanti, Tanzangi
Number of speakersAbout half
Technical information
UsageGovernment language
Language codeTZN

Tanzangi (Tanzangi: tanti /tən.ti/), the official language of Tanzang, is a language in the Dangic branch of the Cangic language family descended from Classical Dang. It features an inventory of 17 consonants and 9 vowels. It's ancestor language, Old Dang, was monosyllabic; Tanzangi, however, combines Old Dang syllables in an agglutinative manner.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal m n ɲ ⟨ñ⟩ ŋ ⟨g⟩
Plosive p, b t, d k ⟨c⟩, g
Fricative f s, θ ⟨z⟩ x
Liquid l ʀ ⟨r⟩
  • Phonemes /s k g x/ become palatal [ɕ c ɟ ç] before front vowels /i e/.
  • Old Dang /ŋ/ merged with /ɲ/ in all positions except syllable coda.
  • Fricatives /f θ s x/ and [ɕ ç] become voiced [v ð z ɣ ʑ ʝ] intervocalically, and voiced plosives /b d g/ become [w ɹ̪ j].
  • Orthographic ⟨h⟩ indicates vowel hiatus when intervocalic or word-initial, and lengthens the preceding phone in other positions.
  • Syllable-final /ʀ/ lengthens the preceding vowel and is elided.

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i ɨ ⟨u⟩ u ⟨ũ⟩
Close-Mid e ə ⟨a⟩ o
Open-Mid ɛ ⟨ẽ⟩ ɔ ⟨õ⟩
Open ɑ ⟨ã⟩
  • /ə/ is deleted in some unstressed syllables, particularly word-finally. In these positions, it is not written. In less formal speech, it is deleted in all unstressed syllables.
    • Due to the deletion of the schwa, stress patterns may sometimes be unpredictable. Historically, Tanzangi featured a strict penultimate stress system. In modern times, this pattern is somewhat irregular. "Irregularly" stressed vowels are marked with an acute accent.
  • To resolve vowel hiatus, the more closed vowel in a sequence becomes a glide: front vowels /i e ɛ/ become [j], central /ɨ/ becomes [ɨ̯], and back rounded /u o ɔ/ become [w]. The vowel /ə/ is often deleted instead.
  • The diacritics ⟨ã ẽ õ ũ⟩ evolved from historic digraphs ⟨aa ea oa uu⟩

Phonotactics

Old Dang syllable structure was strictly (C)V(C). Modern Tanzangi retains that phonemically, but phonetically, with the deletion of schwa, clusters are much more common and can be more complex. Modern Tanzangi syllable structure is largely undefined, especially due to very free phonotactics in loans. Vowel hiatus is allowed, orthographically separated by ⟨h⟩. Stress patterns may be irregular, marked with an acute accent.

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