Sesje: Difference between revisions
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|country=[[Amuj]] | |country=[[Amuj]] | ||
|regulator=[[Casual Mitosis Collective]] | |regulator=[[Casual Mitosis Collective]] | ||
|number= | |number=5 | ||
|usage=Recordkeeping and signage | |usage=Recordkeeping and signage | ||
|lang-code=SJE | |lang-code=SJE | ||
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=== Consonants === | === Consonants === | ||
'''Sesje''' has a total of | '''Sesje''' has a total of 85 consonants. | ||
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | !! | ! colspan="2" | !! Labial !! Dentals !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars !! Retroflex !! Palatals !! Velars !! Uvulars !! Glottals | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | ! colspan="2" | Nasals | ||
| m̥ m ⟨ḿ m⟩ | | m̥ m ⟨ḿ m⟩ | ||
| | | | ||
Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
| | | | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
ǃ rowspan="3" | Plosives | |||
| p | ǃ | Voiceless | ||
| p p͡ɸ ⟨p p̀⟩ | |||
| | | | ||
| t | | t ʦ ⟨t ŧ⟩ | ||
| | | ʧ ⟨ç⟩ | ||
| ʈ | | ʈ ʈ͡ʂ ⟨ṭ ç̇⟩ | ||
| ʨ | | ʨ ⟨ť⟩ | ||
| k | | k k͡x ⟨k k̀⟩ | ||
| q | | q q͡χ ⟨q q̀⟩ | ||
| | | | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
ǃ | Voiced | |||
| ɸ β | | b b͡β ⟨b b̀⟩ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | d ʣ ⟨d đ⟩ | ||
| | | ʤ ⟨c⟩ | ||
| | | ɖ ɖ͡ʐ ⟨ḍ c̣⟩ | ||
| | | ʥ ⟨ď⟩ | ||
| | | ɡ ɡ͡ɣ ⟨g g̀⟩ | ||
| | | ɢ ɢ͡ʁ ⟨ġ ġ̖⟩ | ||
| | | | ||
|- align="center" | |||
ǃ | Prenasalized | |||
| ᵐp ᵐb ᵐp͡ɸ ᵐb͡β ⟨ṕ b́ p̌ b̌⟩ | |||
| | |||
| ⁿt ⁿd ⁿʦ ⁿʣ ⟨t́ d́ ŧ́ đ́⟩ | |||
| ⁿʧ ⁿʤ ⟨ḉ ć⟩ | |||
| ᶯʈ ᶯɖ ᶯʈ͡ʂ ᶯɖ͡ʐ ⟨ṭ́ ḍ́ ç̇́ ć̣⟩ | |||
| ⁿʨ ⁿʥ ⟨ť́ ď́⟩ | |||
| ᵑk ᵑg ᵑk͡x ᵑg͡ɣ ⟨ḱ ǵ ǩ ǧ⟩ | |||
| ᶰq ᶰɢ ᶰq͡χ ᶰɢ͡ʁ ⟨q́ ġ̗ q̌ ġ̭⟩ | |||
| | |||
|- align="center" | |||
ǃ rowspan="2" | Fricatives | |||
ǃ | Voicless | |||
| ɸ ⟨f⟩ | |||
| θ ⟨þ⟩ | |||
| s | |||
| ʃ ⟨š⟩ | |||
| ʂ ⟨ṣ⟩ | |||
| ɕ ç ⟨ś x́⟩ | |||
| x ⟨x⟩ | |||
| χ ⟨x̀⟩ | |||
| h ⟨h⟩ | |||
|- align="center" | |||
ǃ | Voiced | |||
| β ⟨v⟩ | |||
| ð | |||
| z | |||
| ʒ ⟨ž⟩ | |||
| ʐ ⟨ẓ⟩ | |||
| ʑ ʝ ⟨ź ğ́⟩ | |||
| ɣ ⟨ğ⟩ | |||
| ʁ ⟨ğ̀⟩ | |||
| ɦ ⟨h⟩ | |||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" | Approximant | ||
| ʍ w ɥ̊ ɥ ⟨ẃ w w̋ ẅ⟩ | | ʍ w ɥ̊ ɥ ⟨ẃ w w̋ ẅ⟩ | ||
| | | | ||
Line 80: | Line 115: | ||
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | !! | ! colspan="2" | !! Front !! Central !! Back | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | High | ||
! Short | ! Short | ||
| i y ⟨i ẅ⟩ | | i y ⟨i ẅ⟩ | ||
Line 93: | Line 128: | ||
| ɯː uː ⟨ïï ww⟩ | | ɯː uː ⟨ïï ww⟩ | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | ! colspan="2" | Near-High | ||
| ɪ ʏ ⟨î ẅ̂⟩ | | ɪ ʏ ⟨î ẅ̂⟩ | ||
| ᵻ ᵿ ⟨û ü̂⟩ | | ᵻ ᵿ ⟨û ü̂⟩ | ||
| ɯ̽ ʊ ⟨ï̂ û⟩ | | ɯ̽ ʊ ⟨ï̂ û⟩ | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | Mid-High | ||
! Short | ! Short | ||
| | | | ||
Line 109: | Line 144: | ||
| ɤː oː ⟨ëë oo⟩ | | ɤː oː ⟨ëë oo⟩ | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" | Mid | ||
| | | | ||
| ǝ ⟨ŷ⟩ | | ǝ ⟨ŷ⟩ | ||
| | | | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! colspan="2" | ! colspan="2" | Mid-Low | ||
| ɛ œ ⟨e ö⟩ | | ɛ œ ⟨e ö⟩ | ||
| ɜ ɞ ⟨y ÿ⟩ | | ɜ ɞ ⟨y ÿ⟩ | ||
| ʌ ɔ ⟨ë o⟩ | | ʌ ɔ ⟨ë o⟩ | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | Near-Low | ||
! Short | ! Short | ||
| æ ɶ̝ ⟨ê ö̂⟩ | | æ ɶ̝ ⟨ê ö̂⟩ | ||
Line 130: | Line 165: | ||
| | | | ||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | Low | ||
! Short | ! Short | ||
| [a] | | [a] |
Revision as of 10:48, 18 June 2024
Sesje | |
---|---|
Language family | Isolate |
Writing system | Sesje Script |
Official status | |
Spoken in | Amuj |
Regulated by | Casual Mitosis Collective |
Speaker | |
Demonym | Sesjen |
Endonym | Seeš [ˈseːʃ] |
Exonym | Sesje |
Number of speakers | 5 |
Technical information | |
Usage | Recordkeeping and signage |
Language code | SJE |
Sesje (natively: Esêêš Ooď [ˈɛ.sæːʃ oːʥ]) is a language isolate spoken on the northern coast of the Amujan Sea and is an official language of The City State of Amuj.
Phonology
Consonants
Sesje has a total of 85 consonants.
ǃ rowspan="3" | Plosives ǃ | Voiceless ǃ | Voiced ǃ | Prenasalized ǃ rowspan="2" | Fricatives ǃ | Voicless ǃ | VoicedLabial | Dentals | Alveolars | Postalveolars | Retroflex | Palatals | Velars | Uvulars | Glottals | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasals | m̥ m ⟨ḿ m⟩ | n̥ n ⟨ń n⟩ | ɳ̊ ɳ ⟨ṇ́ ṇ⟩ | ɲ̥ ɲ ⟨ñ́ ñ⟩ | ŋ̊ ŋ ⟨ŋ́ ŋ⟩ | ɴ̥ ɴ ⟨ŋ̌ ŋ̀⟩ | ||||
p p͡ɸ ⟨p p̀⟩ | t ʦ ⟨t ŧ⟩ | ʧ ⟨ç⟩ | ʈ ʈ͡ʂ ⟨ṭ ç̇⟩ | ʨ ⟨ť⟩ | k k͡x ⟨k k̀⟩ | q q͡χ ⟨q q̀⟩ | ||||
b b͡β ⟨b b̀⟩ | d ʣ ⟨d đ⟩ | ʤ ⟨c⟩ | ɖ ɖ͡ʐ ⟨ḍ c̣⟩ | ʥ ⟨ď⟩ | ɡ ɡ͡ɣ ⟨g g̀⟩ | ɢ ɢ͡ʁ ⟨ġ ġ̖⟩ | ||||
ᵐp ᵐb ᵐp͡ɸ ᵐb͡β ⟨ṕ b́ p̌ b̌⟩ | ⁿt ⁿd ⁿʦ ⁿʣ ⟨t́ d́ ŧ́ đ́⟩ | ⁿʧ ⁿʤ ⟨ḉ ć⟩ | ᶯʈ ᶯɖ ᶯʈ͡ʂ ᶯɖ͡ʐ ⟨ṭ́ ḍ́ ç̇́ ć̣⟩ | ⁿʨ ⁿʥ ⟨ť́ ď́⟩ | ᵑk ᵑg ᵑk͡x ᵑg͡ɣ ⟨ḱ ǵ ǩ ǧ⟩ | ᶰq ᶰɢ ᶰq͡χ ᶰɢ͡ʁ ⟨q́ ġ̗ q̌ ġ̭⟩ | ||||
ɸ ⟨f⟩ | θ ⟨þ⟩ | s | ʃ ⟨š⟩ | ʂ ⟨ṣ⟩ | ɕ ç ⟨ś x́⟩ | x ⟨x⟩ | χ ⟨x̀⟩ | h ⟨h⟩ | ||
β ⟨v⟩ | ð | z | ʒ ⟨ž⟩ | ʐ ⟨ẓ⟩ | ʑ ʝ ⟨ź ğ́⟩ | ɣ ⟨ğ⟩ | ʁ ⟨ğ̀⟩ | ɦ ⟨h⟩ | ||
Approximant | ʍ w ɥ̊ ɥ ⟨ẃ w w̋ ẅ⟩ | j (ɥ̊ ɥ) |
(ʍ w) |
- Consonant clusters are only allowed at the end of a word if the constituent consonants used to surround an elided [ə], and even then, the consonants may swap to make either an allophone or a more easily pronounced consonant cluster.
- The consonants [m̥ n̥ ɳ̊ ɳ ɲ̊ ɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ɴ̥ ɴ ʦ ʣ ʈ ɖ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ ʨ ʥ q ɢ ɸ β θ ð ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ɦ ʍ w] can only appear cross-syllabically, meaning across syllables, or at the end of a syllable that used to have an elided vowel [ə].
- Between two vowels or between a vowel and the start of a word, ⟨w ẅ⟩ are pronounced as [w ɥ], not [u y].
- Two identical consonants one after the other get pronounced as a geminated consonant.
Vowels
Sesje has a total of 30 vowels, 11 of which come in short and long varieties, and 5 of which are exclusively long.
Front | Central | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
High | Short | i y ⟨i ẅ⟩ | ɨ ʉ ⟨u ü⟩ | ɯ u ⟨ï w⟩ |
Long | iː yː ⟨ii ẅẅ⟩ | ɨː ʉː ⟨uu üü⟩ | ɯː uː ⟨ïï ww⟩ | |
Near-High | ɪ ʏ ⟨î ẅ̂⟩ | ᵻ ᵿ ⟨û ü̂⟩ | ɯ̽ ʊ ⟨ï̂ û⟩ | |
Mid-High | Short | ɵ ⟨ÿ̂⟩ | ||
Long | eː øː ⟨ee öö⟩ | ɘː ɵː ⟨yy ÿÿ⟩ | ɤː oː ⟨ëë oo⟩ | |
Mid | ǝ ⟨ŷ⟩ | |||
Mid-Low | ɛ œ ⟨e ö⟩ | ɜ ɞ ⟨y ÿ⟩ | ʌ ɔ ⟨ë o⟩ | |
Near-Low | Short | æ ɶ̝ ⟨ê ö̂⟩ | ɐ ⟨ä⟩ | |
Long | æː ɶ̝ː ⟨êê ö̂ö̂⟩ | ɐː ⟨ää⟩ | ||
Low | Short | [a] | ɑ ɒ ⟨a â⟩ | |
Long | [aː] | ɑː ⟨aa⟩ |
- Unstressed [ə] is elided in polysyllabic words.
- Vowels with circumflexes are unstressed variants of circumflexless vowels.
- [ɑ ɑː] may be realised as [a aː] by younger speakers.
- Two identical vowels in hiatus get pronounced as a long vowel.
- Long [ɪ ʏ ᵻ ᵿ ɯ̽ ʊ ɛ œ ɜ ɞ ʌ ɔ ɒ] are realised as [iː yː ɨː ʉː ɯː uː eː øː ɘː ɵː ɤː oː ɑː]