Xadwg: Difference between revisions

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|family=[[Sesje|Sesjan]]
|family=[[Sesje|Sesjan]]
|scripts=Cadwg Script, Nahan Script (in [[Pozhazh]])
|scripts=Cadwg Script, Nahan Script (in [[Pozhazh]])
|country=[[North Amuj]], [[South Amuj]]
|country=[[North Amuj]]
|regulator=Gepach Iris in North Amuj, Zhrukbush Ian in South Amuj
|regulator=Gepach Iris
|number=6
|number=37
|usage=Recordkeeping and signage
|usage=Recordkeeping and signage
|lang-code=CDG
|lang-code=CDG
|endonym=<span class=script-cadwg>Cadŵg</span> [ˈʒa.duɡ]<br>Zyadug [ˈʐɑ.dug]
|endonym=<span class=script-cadwg>Cadŵg</span> [ˈʒa.duɡ]
|exonym=Zhadugan
|exonym=Zhadugan
}}
}}


'''Zhadugan''', also known as ''Cadwg'' (Natively: ''<span class=script-cadwg>Cadŵg Od</span>'' [ʒa.duɡ od] / ''Zyadug Oody'' [ˈʐɑ.dug oːd͡ʐ]), is a [[Sesje|Sesjan]] language spoken on the northern coast of the [[Amujan Sea]] and is an official language of [[North Amuj|The City State of Amuj]] and of [[South Amuj|the People's Free City of Amuj]].
'''Zhadugan''', also known as ''Cadwg'' (Natively: ''<span class=script-cadwg>Cadŵg Od</span>'' [ʒa.duɡ od]), is a [[Sesje|Sesjan]] language spoken on the northern coast of the [[Amujan Sea]] and is an official language of [[North Amuj|The City State of Amuj]].
 
== Dialects ==
There are 2 main dialects of '''Cadwg'''
* Northern Cadwg (<span class=script-cadwg>Nŵx Cadŵg</span> [nuʃ ˈʒa.dug]
* Southern Cadwg (Kab Zyadug [kɑb ˈʐɑ.dug])


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
=== Northern Cadwg ===
=== Consonants ===
==== Consonants ====
'''Cadwg''' has 19-20 phonemic consonants:
Northern '''Cadwg''' has 19-20 phonemic consonants:


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* [ŋ] appears only in loanwords
* [ŋ] appears only in loanwords


==== Vowels ====
=== Vowels ===
Northern '''Cadwg''' has 7 phonemic vowels:
'''Cadwg''' has 7 phonemic vowels:


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|}
|}


=== Southern Cadwg ===
==== Consonants ====
Southern '''Cadwg''' has 28 phonemic consonants:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2" | Consonants !! Labial !! Alveolar !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Velar !! Uvular
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| /m/ || /n/ || || /ɲ/ ⟨ny⟩ || || /ɴ/ ⟨ṅ⟩
|-
! rowspan="2" | Plosive
! Voiceless
| /p/ || /t/ || /t͡ʂ/ ⟨ty⟩ || || /k/ || /q/
|-
! Voiced
| /b/ || /d/ || /d͡ʐ/ ⟨dy⟩ || || /g/ || /ɢ/ ⟨ȝ⟩
|-
! rowspan="2" | Fricative
! Voiceless
| /f/ || /s/ || /ʂ/ ⟨sy⟩ || || /x/ || /χ/ ⟨h⟩
|-
! Voiced
| /v/ || /z/ || /ʐ/ ⟨zy⟩ || || /ɣ/ ⟨j⟩ || /ʁ/ ⟨rh⟩
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
| /w/ || /ɫ/ ⟨l⟩ || || /j/ ⟨y⟩ || (w) || /ʀ/ ⟨r⟩
|}
* Unlike in Northern '''Cadwg''', alveolar and postalveolar consonants don't allophonize when in contact with velar consonants.
* /w ɫ ʂ ʐ/ (spelled ⟨w l sy zy⟩) unconditionally replace /β̞ l ʃ ʒ/.
* Southern '''Cadwg''' also has the phonemes /t͡ʂ d͡ʐ ɲ ɴ q ɢ χ ʁ ʀ/ (spelled ⟨ty dy ny ṅ q ȝ h rh r⟩).
* Southern '''Cadwg''' respells /j x ɣ/ as ⟨y x j⟩.
==== Vowels ====
Southern '''Cadwg''' has 6 phonemic vowels, each with 2 phonemic length:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2" | Vowels !! Front !! Central !! Back
|-
! rowspan="2" | High
! Short
| /i/ || /ɨ/ ⟨û⟩ || /u/
|-
! Long
| /iː/ ⟨ii⟩ || /ɨː/ ⟨ûû⟩ || /uː/ ⟨uu⟩
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mid
! Short
| /e/ || || /o/
|-
! Long
| /eː/ ⟨ee⟩ || || /oː/ ⟨oo⟩
|-
! rowspan="2" | Low
! Short
| || || /ɑ/
|-
! Long
| || || /ɑː/ ⟨aa⟩
|}
* Unlike in Northern '''Cadwg''', /ə əː/ are merged with /ɑ ɑː/.
* Southern '''Cadwg''' respells /ɨ u/ as ⟨û u⟩.


== Orthography ==
== Orthography ==
Northern '''Cadwg''', along with the other [[Sesje|Sesjan]] languages, uses the Cadwg Script.<ref>Southern Cadwg uses the latin alphabet.</ref> However, '''Cadwg''' speakers in southern [[Pozhazh]] may instead use an adapted form of the Nahan Script due to contact with [[Mosici]] speakers at [[Ymécopaltarrévein]].
Northern '''Cadwg''', along with the other [[Sesje|Sesjan]] languages, uses the Cadwg Script. However, '''Cadwg''' speakers in southern [[Pozhazh]] may instead use an adapted form of the Nahan Script due to contact with [[Mosici]] speakers at [[Ymécopaltarrévein]].
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Consonants
|+ Consonants

Revision as of 09:29, 18 September 2024

Cadwg
Language familySesjan
Writing systemCadwg Script, Nahan Script (in Pozhazh)
Official status
Spoken inNorth Amuj
Regulated byGepach Iris
Speaker
EndonymCadŵg [ˈʒa.duɡ]
ExonymZhadugan
Number of speakers37
Technical information
UsageRecordkeeping and signage
Language codeCDG


Zhadugan, also known as Cadwg (Natively: Cadŵg Od [ʒa.duɡ od]), is a Sesjan language spoken on the northern coast of the Amujan Sea and is an official language of The City State of Amuj.

Phonology

Consonants

Cadwg has 19-20 phonemic consonants:

Consonants Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal /m/ /n/ ([ŋ] ⟨q⟩)
Plosive Voiceless /p/ /t/ /k/
Voiced /b/ /d/ /ɡ/
Fricative Voiceless /f/ /s/ /ʃ/ ⟨x⟩ /x/ ⟨h⟩
Voiced /v/ /ʒ/ ⟨c⟩ /ɣ/ ⟨ȝ⟩
Liquid /β̞/ ⟨w⟩ /r l/ /j/
  • /n t d s r l ʃ ʒ/ become allophonic [nˠ tˠ dˠ sˠ rˠ ɫ ʂ ʐ] when in contact with /k ɡ x ɣ/
  • [ŋ] appears only in loanwords

Vowels

Cadwg has 7 phonemic vowels:

Vowels Front Central Back
High /i/ /ɨ/ ⟨u⟩ /u/ ⟨w⟩
Mid /e/ /ə/ ⟨y⟩ /o/
Low /a/


Orthography

Northern Cadwg, along with the other Sesjan languages, uses the Cadwg Script. However, Cadwg speakers in southern Pozhazh may instead use an adapted form of the Nahan Script due to contact with Mosici speakers at Ymécopaltarrévein.

Consonants
Cadwg Letter Romanization C-Nahan[1] Letter
m m m
n n n
q q
p p p
t t t
k k c
b b
d d
g g
f f f
s s s
x x si
h h h
v v v
c c zi
ȝ ȝ r
w w u
r r
l l l
j j i
Vowels
Cadwg Letter Romanization C-Nahan Letter
i i é
u u éo
ŵ w ó
e e e
y y eo
o o o
a a a

References

  1. ↑ Short for Cadwg-adapted Nahan Script
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