Xadwg

Cadwg
Language family	Sesjan
Writing system	Cadwg Script, Nahan Script (in Pozhazh)
Official status
Spoken in	North Amuj, South Amuj
Regulated by	Gepach Iris in North Amuj, Zhrukbush Ian in South Amuj
Speaker
Endonym	Cadŵg [ˈʒa.duɡ]
Exonym	Zhadugan
Number of speakers	6
Technical information
Usage	Recordkeeping and signage
Language code	CDG

Zhadugan, also known as Cadwg (Natively: Cadŵg Od [ʒa.duɡ od]/ Zyadug Oody [ˈʐɑ.dug oːd͡ʐ]), is a Sesjan language spoken on the northern coast of the Amujan Sea and is an official language of The City State of Amuj and of the People's Free City of Amuj.

Dialects

There are 2 main dialects of Cadwg

• Northern Cadwg (Nŵx Cadŵg [nuʃ ˈʒa.dug]
• Southern Cadwg (Kab Zyadug [kɑb ˈʐɑ.dug])

Phonology

Northern Cadwg

Consonants

Northern Cadwg has 19-20 phonemic consonants:

Consonants		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Nasal		/m/	/n/		([ŋ] ⟨q⟩)
Plosive	Voiceless	/p/	/t/		/k/
	Voiced	/b/	/d/		/ɡ/
Fricative	Voiceless	/f/	/s/	/ʃ/ ⟨x⟩	/x/ ⟨h⟩
	Voiced	/v/		/ʒ/ ⟨c⟩	/ɣ/ ⟨ȝ⟩
Liquid		/β̞/ ⟨w⟩	/r l/	/j/

• /n t d s r l ʃ ʒ/ become allophonic [nˠ tˠ dˠ sˠ rˠ ɫ ʂ ʐ] when in contact with /k ɡ x ɣ/
• [ŋ] appears only in loanwords

Vowels

Northern Cadwg has 7 phonemic vowels:

Vowels		Front	Central	Back
High		/i/	/ɨ/ ⟨u⟩	/u/ ⟨w⟩
Mid		/e/	/ə/ ⟨y⟩	/o/
Low			/a/

Southern Cadwg

Consonants

Southern Cadwg has 27 phonemic consonants:

Consonants		Labial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal		/m/	/n/		/ɲ/ ⟨ny⟩		/ɴ/ ⟨ṅ⟩
Plosive	Voiceless	/p/	/t/	/t͡ʂ/ ⟨ty⟩		/k/	/q/
	Voiced	/b/	/d/	/d͡ʐ/ ⟨dy⟩		/g/	/ɢ/ ⟨ȝ⟩
Fricative	Voiceless	/f/	/s/	/ʂ/ ⟨sy⟩		/x/	/χ/ ⟨h⟩
	Voiced	/v/	/z/	/ʐ/ ⟨zy⟩		/ɣ/ ⟨j⟩	/ʁ/ ⟨rh⟩
Liquid		/w/	/ɫ/ ⟨l⟩		/j/ ⟨y⟩	(w)	/ʀ/ ⟨r⟩

• Unlike in Northern Cadwg, alveolar and postalveolar consonants don't allophonize when in contact with velar consonants.
• /w ɫ ʂ ʐ/ (spelled ⟨w l sy zy⟩) unconditionally replace /β̞ l ʃ ʒ/.
• Southern Cadwg also has the phonemes /t͡ʂ d͡ʐ ɲ ɴ q ɢ χ ʁ ʀ/ (spelled ⟨ty dy ny ṅ q ȝ h rh r⟩).
• Southern Cadwg respells /j x ɣ/ as ⟨y x j⟩.

Vowels

Southern Cadwg has 6 phonemic vowels, each with 2 phonemic length:

Vowels		Front	Central	Back
High	Short	/i/	/ɨ/ ⟨û⟩	/u/
	Long	/iː/ ⟨ii⟩	/ɨː/ ⟨ûû⟩	/uː/ ⟨uu⟩
Mid	Short	/e/		/o/
	Long	/eː/ ⟨ee⟩		/oː/ ⟨oo⟩
Low	Short			/ɑ/
	Long			/ɑː/ ⟨aa⟩

• Unlike in Northern Cadwg, /ə əː/ are merged with /ɑ ɑː/.
• Southern Cadwg respells /ɨ u/ as ⟨û u⟩.

Orthography

Cadwg, along with the other Sesjan languages, uses the Cadwg Script. However, Cadwg speakers in southern Pozhazh may instead use an adapted form of the Nahan Script due to contact with Mosici speakers at Ymécopaltarrévein.

Consonants

Cadwg Letter	Romanization	C-Nahan Letter
m	m	m
n	n	n
q	q
p	p	p
t	t	t
k	k	c
b	b
d	d
g	g
f	f	f
s	s	s
x	x	si
h	h	h
v	v	v
c	c	zi
ȝ	ȝ	r
w	w	u
r	r
l	l	l
j	j	i

Vowels

Cadwg Letter	Romanization	C-Nahan Letter
i	i	é
u	u	éo
ŵ	w	ó
e	e	e
y	y	eo
o	o	o
a	a	a